Toxicology is is a branch of biology, chemistry, and medicine (more specifically pharmacology) concerned with the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms.
The relationship between dose and its effects on the body have a high significance in toxicology. The major norm regarding the toxicity of a drug or chemical is the dose, i.e. the amount of exposure to the substance. All substances are toxic under some circumstances. The term LD50 denotes the dose of a toxic substance that kills 50 percent of a test population typically rats or other surrogates when the test proceeds for human toxicity.
The conventional relationship more exposure to the toxic substances shows the equal higher risk has been described in the study of endocrine disruptors. Toxicity is species-specific, lending cross-species analysis problematic. Newer methods has been established to bypass animal-testing. Factors that influence toxicity: Dosage, Both acute exposures and chronic exposures, Route of exposure, Ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption, Species, Age, Sex, Health, Environment, Individual characteristics.
Scientific journal is a periodical publication intended to further progress of science, usually by reporting novel research. There are thousands of scientific journals in publication, and many more have been published at various points in the past. Most journals are highly specialized, although some of the oldest journals publish articles and scientific papers across a wide range of scientific fields. Scientific journals contain articles that are peer reviewed, to ensure that articles meet the journal's standards of quality, and scientific validity. The publication of the results of research is an essential part of the scientific method. If they are describing experiments or calculations, they must supply enough details that an independent researcher could repeat the experiment or calculation to verify the results. Each such journal article becomes part of the permanent scientific record.
Last date updated on April, 2024