Multiple Sclerosis Current Scenario

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is considered a chronic autoimmune inflammatory progressive neurological disorder that results in injury of the oligodendrocytes and thus in demyelination of the nerve fibers of the central nervous system. There are at least 2-2.5 million patient’s worldwide sufferings from multiple sclerosis and its prevalence is unevenly distributed and highly variable from less than 5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants up to more than 100-200 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. It is more likely to affect women than men with a ratio of 2.3 which has gradually increased over time, and the age of onset is generally young adulthood, usually affecting people in their 20s or 30s, even though early onset (Schilder’s diffuse myelinoclastic disease, Balo’s concentric disease, Marburg’s acute disease, which are sometimes difficult to differentiate from an ADEM, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis) and late onset clinical variants have been reported as well. Multiple sclerosis, being a chronic disease, has a deep impact on patient’s life. Evidences indicates that the relationship between life stress and relapse is complex, and is likely to depend on factors such as stress or chronicity, frequency, severity and type, and individual patient characteristics such as depression, health locus of control, optimism, perceived social support and coping strategy use. Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Health Locus of Control and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.

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Last date updated on April, 2024