Journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology

Common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the fight against tuberculosis (TB)

3^rd International Congress on Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases

August 04-06, 2015 Valencia, Spain

Sanjib Bhakta1, Dimitrios Evangelopoulos2, Trupti Kolvekar1, Jess Healy3, Timothy D McHugh2 and Arundhati Maitra1

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: J Bacteriol Parasitol

Abstract:

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious healthcare issue, more than two decades on from the first time it was declared as a
global health emergency. Control of the disease has become increasingly difficult because of the alarming rise of antibiotic
resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of TB. Development of new and effective drugs with novel
mechanisms of action is thus of paramount importance to tackle antibiotic resistance. Novel chemical entities require at least
a decade to be commercially available and repurposing drugs offers a solution to circumvent the investment of time and other
resources. Certain common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have proven to be selectively bactericidal against
replicating, non-replicating and multi-drug-resistant clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. Our primary focus is to repurpose
Carprofen and investigate their novel mechanisms of action in M. tuberculosis to help design more potent inhibitors in the
future. To this effect we have followed both target-based and whole-cell approaches. Whole-cell transcriptomic analyses have
revealed the effects of the drugs on a selected set of genes involved in key metabolic pathways that also play essential roles in
antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, the NSAIDs showed influence on the expression levels of proteins involved in cell-wall
homeostasis and dormancy mechanisms. The most active NSAID, Carprofen was found to be a bactericidal drug that also
inhibited the formation of mycobacterial biofilms and exhibited strong efflux pump inhibitory properties thus demonstrating
their great potential in reversing antibiotic resistance.

Biography :

Sanjib Bhakta following a BSc (Hons), MSc and a PhD in Molecular Biology & Biochemistry from world class Universities & Research Institutions in India. He
joined the Oxford University, Department of Pharmacology as an ISIS innovation Senior Research Scholar and shortly after he was awarded with a Wellcome Trust
International Travelling Fellowship. He has graduated from The Queen’s College, University of Oxford completing a Second Doctoral Degree (DPhil) and received
a “Sir William Paton Prize” in Pharmacology. He is currently a Reader in Molecular Microbiology and Director of ISMB Mycobacteria Research Laboratory at the
Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University of London and UCL. He has published more than 50 original research articles in last 10 years for a number
of internationally acclaimed journals. He is a Member of a number of international societies and Editorial Boards of peer reviewed international journals including
OMICS group open access journal “Molecular Biology”. He was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine in 2008, received Academic Excellence Award
in 2012 and awarded with a Cipla Distinguished Fellowship in Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2014. He is recognized as an “Antibiotic Action Champion” Member of
the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.