Transcriptomics: Open Access
Open Access

Mechanism of B-to-Z transition induced by A…A mismatch in a DNA duplex comprising of CAG trinucleotide repeat expansions

Global Congress on Nucleic Acids: Biology, Health & Diseases

August 04-05, 2016 New Orleans, USA

Thenmalarchelvi Rathinavelan

Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, India

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Transcriptomics

Abstract :

Conformational polymorphism of DNA is a major causative factor behind several incurable trinucleotide repeat expansion disorders (TREDs) that arise from overexpansion of TREs located in coding/non-coding regions of specific genes. Hairpin DNA structures that are formed due to overexpansion of CAG repeat lead to Huntingtonâ�?�?s disorder and spinocerebellar ataxias. Hairpin structure formed during CAG repeat overexpansion contains periodic occurrence of Aâ�?¦A mismatches and hijacks the mismatch repair proteins (MSH2-MSH3) through tighter binding. Although DNA hairpin stem structure generally embraces B-form with canonical base pairs, it is poorly understood in the context of periodic non-canonical Aâ�?¦A mismatch in a CAG overexpansion. Molecular dynamics simulations on a DNA hairpin stem containing Aâ�?¦A mismatches as in a CAG repeat overexpansion show that Aâ�?¦A dictates local Z-form irrespective of starting glycosyl conformation, in sharp contrast to canonical DNA duplex. B-to-Z transition occurs through â�?�?zipper mechanismâ�?�? facilitated by base extrusion, backbone and/or base flipping. Root cause for such B-to-Z transition is due to the mechanistic effect that originates from the pronounced non-isostericity exhibited by Aâ�?¦A mismatch with flanking canonical base pairs. Based on these structural insights we envisage that such an unusual DNA structure of the CAG hairpin stem may have a role in disease pathogenesis. As this is the first study that delineates the influence of a single A...A mismatch in reversing DNA helicity, it would further have an impact on understanding DNA mismatch repair.

Biography :

Thenmalarchelvi Rathinavelan has completed her PhD from Department of Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras. Subsequently, she did her Postdoctoral studies from Center for Bioinformatics/Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, USA. Currently, she is working as an Assistant Professor in IIT Hyderabad and has published more than 10 research papers in reputed journals.

Email: tr@iith.ac.in