| Characteristic |
N |
Percent |
| Surgical intervention |
| Cardiothoracic surgery |
34 |
9.1 |
| Obstetrics |
29 |
7.8 |
| Vascular surgery |
9 |
2.4 |
| Orthopedic surgery |
8 |
2.1 |
| ENT |
6 |
1.6 |
| General surgery |
5 |
1.3 |
| Gynecology |
1 |
0.3 |
| Plastics |
0 |
0 |
| Neurology |
0 |
0 |
| Pain medicine |
133 |
35.6 |
| Multiple subspecialties |
140 |
37.4 |
| Other |
9 |
2.4 |
| Location |
| Europe |
162 |
43.3 |
| United States |
90 |
24.1 |
| Australia/Asia |
49 |
13.1 |
| Canada |
46 |
12.3 |
| South America |
2 |
0.5 |
| Africa |
1 |
0.3 |
| Multiple |
24 |
6.4 |
| First author anesthesiologist |
171 |
45.7 |
| Anesthesiology journal |
146 |
39.1 |
ENT = Ear, Nose, and Throat. |
