| Morphological changes |
Biomechanical changes |
| Increased intestinal weight, length, weight per unit length |
Decreased opening angle and residual strain in duodenum |
| Increased surface area of mucosa |
Increased opening angle and residual strain in jejunum and ileum |
| Increased number of goblet cells per villus |
Increased circumferential stiffness of the intestinal wall |
| Increased smooth muscle mass |
Increased longitudinal stiffness of the intestinal wall |
| Increased different layer thickness |
Decreased stress relaxation of small intestine |
| Increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen |
|
| Decreased volume of interstitial cells of Cajal |
|
