Ordinary bottled Water Zamzam Water Parameter Baseline Final p-value Baseline Final p-value ESR (mm/h) 12 ± 2 19 ± 4 0.04 18 ± 3 16 ± 3 0.532 Hemoglobin concentration (g/dl) 14.7 ± 0.3 15.5 ± 0.3 0.41 15.8 ± 0.3 14.4 ± 0.3 0.180 HCT (%) 43 ± 0.6 41 ± 0.5 0.000 42 ± 0.6 42 ± 0.8 0.118 RBC (mil/cmm) 6.4 ± 1 5.2 ± 0.1 0.244 5.3 ± 0.08 5.2 ± 0.08 0.078 MCV (fl) 80 ± 1.1 80 ± 1.1 0.561 80 ± 1.3 83 ± 1.3 0.005 MCH (pg) 27 ± 0.4 28 ± 0.5 0.000 27 ± 0.5 28 ± 0.5 0.463 Values represent mean ± SEM

Table 6: Baseline and final erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit (HCT), red cell count (RBCs), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) in diabetic patients receiving ordinary bottled water (control) or Zamzam water (test) for two months.