| Characteristics |
Total
(n = 452) |
Women
(n = 267) |
Male
(n = 185) |
| Frequency |
% |
Frequency |
% |
Frequency |
% |
| Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 18-44 |
178 |
39.4 |
99 |
37.1 |
79 |
42.7 |
| 45-64 |
178 |
39.4 |
108 |
40.4 |
70 |
37.8 |
| 65-79 |
96 |
21.2 |
60 |
22.5 |
36 |
19.5 |
| Education (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ≤8 |
56 |
12.4 |
34 |
12.8 |
22 |
11.9 |
| 9-12 |
167 |
37.0 |
88 |
33.1 |
79 |
42.7 |
| ≥12 |
228 |
50.6 |
144 |
54.1 |
84 |
45.4 |
| Marital status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Single |
108 |
23.9 |
68 |
25.6 |
40 |
21.6 |
| Married |
178 |
39.5 |
97 |
36.4 |
81 |
43.8 |
| Other |
165 |
36.6 |
101 |
38.0 |
64 |
34.6 |
| Annual family income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <$20,000 |
259 |
57.4 |
154 |
57.9 |
105 |
56.8 |
| $20,000-$50,000 |
122 |
27.1 |
70 |
26.3 |
52 |
28.1 |
| >$50,000 |
25 |
5.5 |
13 |
4.9 |
12 |
6.5 |
| Primary medical insurance* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Public |
147 |
32.6 |
97 |
36.5 |
50 |
27.0 |
| Private |
252 |
55.9 |
148 |
55.6 |
104 |
56.2 |
| None |
52 |
11.5 |
21 |
7.9 |
31 |
16.8 |
| Smoking status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
271 |
60.1 |
182 |
68.4 |
89 |
48.1 |
| No |
179 |
39.7 |
84 |
31.6 |
95 |
51.4 |
| Perceived health status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Excellent |
51 |
11.3 |
25 |
9.4 |
26 |
14.1 |
| Very good |
47 |
10.4 |
26 |
9.8 |
21 |
11.3 |
| Good |
170 |
37.7 |
104 |
39.1 |
66 |
35.7 |
| Regular |
162 |
35.9 |
96 |
36.1 |
66 |
35.7 |
| Poor |
21 |
4.7 |
15 |
5.6 |
6 |
3.2 |
| BMI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <18.5 |
10 |
2.2 |
9 |
3.4 |
1 |
0.5 |
| 18.5 - 24.9 |
87 |
19.3 |
47 |
17.7 |
40 |
21.6 |
| 25.0 - 29.9 |
156 |
34.7 |
90 |
34.0 |
66 |
35.7 |
| ≥ 30.0 |
197 |
43.8 |
119 |
44.9 |
78 |
42.2 |
| Alcohol consumption |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
140 |
31.0 |
86 |
32.3 |
54 |
29.2 |
| No |
311 |
67.0 |
180 |
67.7 |
131 |
70.8 |
| Physical activity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
139 |
30.7 |
93 |
34.8 |
46 |
24.9 |
| No |
313 |
69.3 |
174 |
65.2 |
139 |
75.1 |
| Waist Circumference |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Normal
(women: <35", men: <40") |
228 |
50.4 |
106 |
39.7 |
122 |
65.9 |
| Elevated
(women: ≥ 35", men: ≥ 40") |
224 |
49.6 |
161 |
60.3 |
63 |
34.1 |
| Waist to Hip Ratio (cm) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Normal
(women: ≤ 0.8, men: ≤ 0.9) |
117 |
25.9 |
52 |
19.5 |
65 |
35.1 |
| Elevated
(women: >0.8, men: >0.9) |
335 |
74.1 |
215 |
80.5 |
120 |
64.9 |
| Blood Pressure |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <120 / 80 |
199 |
44.2 |
133 |
50.2 |
66 |
35.7 |
| 120 - 139 / 80 - 89 |
151 |
33.6 |
69 |
26.0 |
82 |
44.3 |
| 140 - 159 / 90 - 99 |
74 |
16.4 |
44 |
16.6 |
30 |
16.2 |
| ≥ 160 / 100 |
26 |
5.8 |
19 |
7.2 |
7 |
3.8 |
| Blood Glucose (mg/dL) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <100 |
340 |
75.4 |
205 |
77.1 |
135 |
73.0 |
| 100 - 125 |
71 |
15.7 |
36 |
13.5 |
35 |
18.9 |
| ≥ 126 |
40 |
8.9 |
25 |
9.4 |
15 |
8.1 |
| HbA1c |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <5.6 |
184 |
40.8 |
96 |
36.1 |
88 |
47.6 |
| 5.6 - 6.9 |
218 |
48.3 |
140 |
52.6 |
78 |
42.1 |
| ≥ 7.0 |
49 |
10.9 |
30 |
11.3 |
19 |
10.3 |
| Total Colesterol (mmol/L) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <5.2 |
303 |
67.2 |
170 |
63.9 |
133 |
71.9 |
| 5.2 - 6.1 |
101 |
22.4 |
62 |
23.3 |
39 |
21.1 |
| ≥ 6.2 |
47 |
10.4 |
34 |
12.8 |
13 |
7.0 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <1.0 |
111 |
24.6 |
45 |
16.9 |
66 |
35.7 |
| 1.0 - 1.5 |
274 |
60.8 |
171 |
64.3 |
103 |
55.7 |
| ≥ 1.6 |
66 |
14.6 |
50 |
18.8 |
16 |
8.6 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <1.7 |
297 |
65.9 |
187 |
70.3 |
110 |
59.5 |
| 1.7 - 2.2 |
80 |
17.7 |
45 |
16.9 |
35 |
18.9 |
| 2.3 - 5.6 |
68 |
15.1 |
33 |
12.4 |
35 |
18.9 |
| ≥ 5.7 |
6 |
1.3 |
1 |
0.4 |
5 |
2.7 |
| Albumin-creatinine ratio (mg/G) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| < 30 |
389 |
87.4 |
233 |
89.3 |
156 |
84.8 |
| 30 - 299 |
54 |
12.1 |
27 |
10.3 |
27 |
14.7 |
| ≥ 300 |
2 |
0.5 |
1 |
0.4 |
1 |
0.5 |
| CRP (mg/L) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <1.0 |
153 |
33.9 |
74 |
27.8 |
79 |
42.7 |
| 1.0 - 3.0 |
137 |
30.4 |
73 |
27.5 |
64 |
34.6 |
| 3.1 - 10.0 |
121 |
26.8 |
87 |
32.7 |
34 |
18.4 |
| ≥ 10.1 |
40 |
8.9 |
32 |
12.0 |
8 |
4.3 |
| AST (U/L) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <15.0 |
59 |
13.1 |
44 |
16.5 |
15 |
8.1 |
| 15.0 - 46.0 |
345 |
76.5 |
197 |
74.1 |
148 |
80.0 |
| >46.0 |
47 |
10.4 |
25 |
9.4 |
22 |
11.9 |
| ALT (U/L) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <11.0 |
50 |
11.1 |
39 |
14.6 |
11 |
6.0 |
| 11.0 - 66.0 |
380 |
84.3 |
222 |
83.5 |
158 |
85.4 |
| >66.0 |
21 |
4.6 |
5 |
1.9 |
16 |
8.6 |
*p<0.05 |
