Scenario A: MSE=1575, n=10 Scenario B: MSE=1575,n=200 Scenario C: MSE=16, n=10 Scenario D: MSE=16, n=200 Contrast Mean L p-value 0.0498 0 0 0 Estimate 80 80 80 80 95% CI (0.067, 159.93) (62.59, 97.41) (71.94, 88.06) (78.24, 81.76) ralerting 0.9923 0.9923 0.9923 0.9923 rcontrast 0.2878 0.2748 0.9481 0.9431 reffectsize 0.2876 0.2746 0.9415 0.9366 rBESD 0.2794 0.2744 0.8944 0.4017 SES Estimate 2.0158 2.0158 20 20 95% CI (0.0011, 4.009) (1.568, 2.463) (15.42, 24.54) (19.01, 20.98) SMCV Estimate 0.6375 0.6375 6.325 6.325 95% CI (0.0004, 1.268) (0.496, 0.779) (4.875, 7.760) (6.012, 6.634) c+-probability 0.738 0.738 ~1 ~1 Effect type Medium large Medium large Extra large Extra large

Table 3: Contrast mean (i.e., traditional contrast L), SMCV, SES and their confidence intervals (CI), correlational effect sizes for the contrast variable representing a linear relationship between performance score and age as well as average magnitude of effects at treatment levels in a simulation.