Semiochemical Source* Purity (%) Release Device Release Rate (mg/d)**
Acetophenone Sigma-Aldrich 99 Contech 15 ml polyethylene bottle 18.0 (20ºC)
(E)-2-Hexen-1-ol
(Z)-2-Hexen-1-ol
Bedoukian 97 Contech pouch (1:1 blend) 50.0 (20ºC)
Verbenone [77%-(-)] Contech 97 7 g Contech pouch 50.0 (20ºC)
*Sigma-Aldrich = Sigma-Aldrich Canada Ltd., Oakville, Ontario, Canada; Bedoukian = Bedoukian Research Inc., Danbury, Connecticut, USA; Contech = Contech Enterprises Inc., Delta, British Columbia, Canada.
**Reported by manufacturer of release device and measured in the laboratory at specified temperature.
Table 1: Description of semiochemicals, release devices and release rates used in tree protection studies in Pinus albicaulis stands, June Mountain Ski Area (37.75°N, 119.06°W; 3, 012-m elevation), Inyo National Forest, California, USA, 2010.