Electrode
Current Density (μA/cm
2
)
Ip
PQQ
(μA)
Electroactive molecules (mol/ cm
2
)
Random Immobilization (Covalent Bond)
0.20
0.15
4.19 × 10
-11
High-oriented Immobilization (His-tag affinity)
18.6
0.73
5.10 × 10
-11
Table 1:
Comparison of electrochemical properties in each electrode system.