Conventional vaccinology Reverse vaccinology VLPs vaccinology References Essential features Microorganisms can be used In vitro expressed antigens Antigens immunogenic during diseases Animal model essential   Cultivable and non-cultivable microorganisms All potential candidates are quickly identified Expression and screening important Human immunogenic profile of all candidates Animal models essential Cultivation of microorganisms not necessary All potential candidates are quickly identified including membrane proteins Expression and screening important very quick Humanized vaccines can be made [80] Advantages Polysaccharides may be used as antigens Lipopolysaccharides based vaccines are possible Access to more potential candidates Non-cultivable microorganisms can be approached Antigens abundance can be determined Antigens not expressed in vitrocan be identified Any protein can be a candidate Any protein with known cDNA can be approached Large amount of antigens can be produced Membrane proteins can be targeted [25] [24] [80] [26] Disadvantages Long term required for antigen identification Antigen selection is based on too few criteria Safety issues Applicable to cultivable pathogens only Antigens expressed in vitro only Non-protein antigens are not selected   [26]

Table 2: VLPs their advantages and disadvantages.