| |
|
30-day mortality |
|
30-day outcome |
| |
All Patients,
n=175 |
No, n= 119 |
Yes, n= 56 |
P value |
Better (GOS 4-5),
n= 78 |
Worse (GOS 2-3),
n= 41 |
P value |
| Age, y (SD) |
66.3 |
(11.8) |
65.7 |
(11.6) |
67.7 |
(12.3) |
0.2930 |
63.8 |
(10.1) |
69.2 |
(13.4) |
0.0139 |
| Male sex, n (%) |
103 |
(58.9) |
69 |
(58.0) |
34 |
(60.7) |
0.7320 |
43 |
(55.1) |
26 |
(63.4) |
0.3841 |
| Vascular risk factors |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) |
143 |
(81.7) |
98 |
(82.3) |
45 |
(80.4) |
0.7512 |
63 |
(80.8) |
35 |
(85.4) |
0.5319 |
| Diabete mellitus, n (%) |
50 |
(28.6) |
28 |
(23.5) |
22 |
(39.3) |
0.0314 |
20 |
(25.6) |
8 |
(19.5) |
0.4538 |
| Alcohol abuse, n (%) |
40 |
(22.9) |
24 |
(20.2) |
16 |
(28.6) |
0.0223 |
16 |
(20.5) |
8 |
(19.5) |
0.9923 |
| Cigarette smoking, n (%) |
52 |
(29.7) |
37 |
(31.1) |
15 |
(26.8) |
0.1586 |
16 |
(39.0) |
21 |
(26.9) |
0.3969 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) |
50 |
(28.6) |
32 |
(26.9) |
18 |
(32.1) |
0.2962 |
24 |
(30.8) |
8 |
(19.5) |
0.4185 |
| Clinical characteristics |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| GCS score, median (25th –75th) |
13 |
(9-15) |
14 |
(13-15) |
7 |
(4-10) |
<0.0001 |
15 |
(14-15) |
12 |
(11-14) |
<0.0001 |
| oICH score, median (25th –75th) |
1 |
(1-3) |
1 |
(0-2) |
3 |
(3-4) |
<0.0001 |
1 |
(0-1) |
1 |
(1-3) |
<0.0001 |
| Pupillary abnormalities,* n (%) |
29 |
(16.6) |
3 |
(2.5) |
26 |
(46.4) |
<0.0001 |
1 |
(1.3) |
2 |
(4.9) |
0.2344 |
| Radiological variables |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Localization of the SICH, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.5039 |
|
|
|
|
0.0148 |
| Basal ganglia |
56 |
(32.0) |
38 |
(31.9) |
18 |
(32.1) |
|
18 |
(23.1) |
20 |
(48.8) |
|
| Thalamic |
13 |
(7.4) |
11 |
(9.2) |
2 |
(3.6) |
|
9 |
(11.5) |
2 |
(4.9) |
|
| Lobar |
47 |
(26.9) |
32 |
(26.9) |
15 |
(26.8) |
|
25 |
(32.1) |
7 |
(17.0) |
|
| Pontine |
50 |
(28.6) |
32 |
(26.9) |
18 |
(32.1) |
|
20 |
(25.6) |
12 |
(29.3) |
|
| Cerebellar |
8 |
(4.6) |
6 |
(5.0) |
2 |
(3.6) |
|
6 |
(7.7) |
0 |
- |
|
| Other |
1 |
(0.5) |
0 |
- |
1 |
(1.8) |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
| Volume cc, median (25th –75th) |
20 |
(9-40) |
15 |
(7-24) |
40 |
(21-70) |
<0.0001 |
9.5 |
(6-16) |
22 |
(16-30) |
<0.0001 |
| Midline shift, mm |
|
|
|
|
|
|
<0.0001 |
|
|
|
|
0.2194 |
| 0-5 |
141 |
(80.6) |
114 |
(95.8) |
27 |
(48.2) |
|
76 |
(97.4) |
38 |
(92.7) |
|
| 6-9 |
19 |
(10.8) |
5 |
(4.2) |
14 |
(25.0) |
|
2 |
(2.6) |
3 |
(7.3) |
|
| 10-14 |
11 |
(6.3) |
0 |
- |
11 |
(19.6) |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
| >15 |
4 |
(2.3) |
0 |
- |
4 |
(7.1) |
|
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
| IVH |
83 |
(47.4) |
38 |
(31.9) |
45 |
(80.4) |
<0.0001 |
19 |
(24.4) |
19 |
(46.3) |
0.0145 |
| Graeb’s score, median (25th –75th) |
4 |
(3-7) |
3 |
(2-5) |
6 |
(3-8) |
0.0012 |
3 |
(2-4) |
4 |
(3-7) |
0.0278 |
| Hydrocephalus |
55 |
(31.4) |
20 |
(16.8) |
35 |
(62.5) |
<0.0001 |
8 |
(10.3) |
12 |
(29.3) |
0.0084 |
| Biochemistry and vital signs on hospital
arrival |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Plasma glucose, mmol/l (SD) |
8.75 |
(4.13) |
7.62 |
(3.50) |
11.14 |
(4.36) |
<0.0001 |
7.96 |
(3.98) |
7.02 |
(2.38) |
0.0600 |
| WBC, x109/l median (25th –75th) |
8.0 |
(6.5-9.9) |
7.3 |
(5.7-8.8) |
9.9 |
(8.7-
14.0)
|
<0.0001 |
6.8 |
(5.7-8.7) |
7.6 |
(6.5-9.8) |
0.1034 |
| CRP, mg/l median (25th –75th) |
9.0 |
(5-17.1) |
8.0 |
(5.0-
13.5)
|
10.6 |
(6.5-
19.6)
|
0.0747 |
8.5 |
(5.0-19.0) |
7.8 |
(4.7-11.0) |
0.2308 |
| Ipoxemia,†(%) |
31 |
(17.7) |
5 |
(4.2) |
26 |
(46.4) |
<0.0001 |
0 |
- |
5 |
(12.2) |
0.0016 |
| SBP, mmHg (SD) |
172 |
(40) |
175 |
(36) |
166 |
(48) |
0.2462 |
177 |
(35) |
172 |
(39) |
0.4275 |
| DBP, mmHg (SD) |
96 |
(22) |
98 |
(21) |
94 |
(24) |
0.3324 |
97 |
(19) |
98 |
(24) |
0.8769 |
| PP, mmHg (SD) |
76 |
(25) |
77 |
(24) |
73 |
(27) |
0.3142 |
80 |
(23) |
73 |
(25) |
0.0763 |
| Therapy |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Surgery |
39 |
(22.3) |
19 |
(16.0) |
20 |
(35.7) |
0.0034 |
10 |
(12.8) |
9 |
(21.9) |
0.1963 |
GCS score indicates Glasgow Coma Scale score;ICH intracerebral hemorrhage; IVH intraventricular hemorrhage. *Pupillar abnormalities include pupillary inequality
(anisocoria) or bilateral miosis and/or midirasis. †Prehospital hypoxemia includes cianosis, apnea or SaO2<90 mmHg |
