VAS1 (before) 9.15 1.63 VAS2 (after) 0.20 0.52 VASDIF1 (difference) 8.94 1.60 57 42.45 0.0001 VAS3 (before) 8.17 2.27 VAS3 (after) 0.29 0.97 VASDIF2 (difference) 7.87 2.41 57 24.85 0.0001 WBPQ1 (before) 163.94 31.87 WBPQ2 (after) 5.00 11.31 WBPQDIF1 (difference) 158.94 31.36 57 38.59 0.0001 WBPQ3 (before) 148.27 45.14 WBPQ4 (after) 3. 08 12.00 WBPQDIF2 (difference) 145.18 45.06 57 24.53 0.0001 Variable Mean SD DF t p-value

Table 3: A comparison of pain with and without medication. as measured with the VAS and the WBPQ.