| Time post single dosing |
|
6 hrs |
|
|
24 hrs |
|
72 |
hrs |
168 |
hrs |
| Dose (mg/kg) |
0 |
100 |
1250 |
0 |
100 |
1250 |
0 |
1250 |
0 |
1250 |
| Number of animals |
4 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
7 |
4 |
7 |
4 |
7 |
| Histopathology (Liver) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Necrosis, centrilobular |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
+ (1/7)
++ (1/7)
+++ (2/7) |
- |
+ (3/7)
+++ (1/7) |
- |
- |
| Fibrosis, centrilobular |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
+ (3/7)
++ (1/7) |
- |
+ (2/7) |
| Mitosis, centrilobular |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
+ (2/7) |
- |
- |
| Hepatocyte glycogen depletion |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
+ (3/7)
++ (2/7)
++++ (2/7) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Blood chemistry |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ALT (U/L) |
32.5±4.0 |
36.4 ± 4.0 |
36.8 ± 1.0 |
67.5 ± 3.0 |
55.4 ± 5.0** |
459.9 ± 673.5 |
53.8 ± 8.5 |
57.4 ± 5.4 |
58.0 ± 5.1 |
59.0 ± 8.7 |
| AST (U/L) |
110.3±17.0 |
106.2 ± 24.9 |
92.8 ± 8.4 |
98.1 ± 14.1 |
102.8 ± 19.5 |
3007 ± 5166 |
87.5 ± 9.3 |
106.4 ± 34.7 |
106.8 ± 40.4 |
103.3 ± 22.8 |
| ALP (U/L) |
195.3 ± 42.6 |
211.4 ± 77.7 |
184.3+24.2 |
353.0+89.2 |
309.6+47.5 |
365.4+63.2 |
285.8+30.1 |
305.4+63.7 |
319.0+44.3 |
306.4 ± 64.3 |
| GGT (U/L) |
5.5 ± 0.6 |
5.6 ± 1.7 |
6.5 ± 0.6* |
7.3 ± 1.3 |
6.4 ± 1.1 |
6.4 ± 1.5 |
6.8 ± 1.0 |
7.7 ± 2.1 |
6.3 ± 1.3 |
7.0 ± 1.2 |
| TBILI (mg/dL) |
0.40 ± 0.40 |
0.28 ± 0.15 |
0.20 ± 0.08 |
0.28 ± 0.05 |
0.32 ± 0.08 |
0.38 ± 0.16 |
0.20 ± 0.11 |
0.28 ± 0.17 |
0.25 ± 0.10 |
0.18 ± 0.07 |
| BUN (mg/dL) |
17.0 ± 1.4 |
16.6 ± 1.8 |
11.5 ± 1.7** |
10.0 ± 0.8 |
12.8 ± 3.1 |
12.3 ± 4.7 |
11.8 ± 1.7 |
16.6 ± 7.0 |
16.0 ± 1.8 |
11.4 ± 4.0 |
| CRE (mg/dL) |
0.38 ± 0.13 |
0.36 ± 0.05 |
0.35 ± 0.06 |
0.38 ± 0.10 |
0.38 ± 0.08 |
0.40 ± 0.12 |
0.43 ± 0.05 |
0.48 ± 0.18 |
0.43 ± 0.10 |
0.38 ± 0.04 |
| CHOL (mg/dL) |
63.8 ± 8.7 |
61.4 ± 13.6 |
78.5 ± 15.5 |
61.3 ± 10.8 |
60.6 ± 5.4 |
92.0 ± 19.6* |
77.3 ± 11.4 |
80.6 ± 11.1 |
69.5 ± 6.6 |
67.7 ± 10.6 |
| TRI (mg/dL) |
70.5 ± 50.2 |
77.8 ± 24.2 |
98.5 ± 30.2 |
170.0 ± 38.7 |
156.2 ± 56.7 |
179.6 ± 106.0 |
74.3 ± 20.0 |
96.9 ± 51.9 |
115.0 ± 59.1 |
101.6 ± 23.6 |
| GLU (mg/dL) |
251.5 ± 79.5 |
186.6 ± 15.9 |
165.8 ± 21.8 |
171.5 ± 15.1 |
175.2 ± 18.4 |
164.3 ± 26.5 |
193.0 ± 39.5 |
170.3 ± 4.8 |
186.0 ± 26.7 |
170.4 ± 13.2 |
Values for blood chemistry represented as mean + SD. * and ** represent p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively. Histopathological lesions were qualified as:+, minimal; ++, mild;
+++, moderate; ++++, marked |
