| Clinical phase |
Target cells |
Vector |
Gene |
Outcome |
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier |
Reference |
| I/II |
Tumor cells |
Encapsulated cells overexpressing the therapeutic gene |
Cytochrome P450 2B1 |
14 treated patients: 4 with tumor regression, 10 with stable disease. 1 year survival double than with gemcitabine |
Not available |
[39] |
| I |
Tumor cells |
Retrovirus |
Cytocidal N-terminal truncated cyclin G1 (Rexin G) |
Treatment well tolerated but no evidence of anti-tumor activity |
Not available |
[59] |
| I/II |
Tumor cells |
Retrovirus |
Cytocidal N-terminal truncated cyclin G1 (Rexin G) |
Treatment is safe. Dose response relationship between treatment and overall survival |
NCT00504998 |
[60] |
| I |
Tumor cells |
Adenovirus |
Thymidine kinase |
Treatment is safe and needs further validation in phase II trials |
Not available |
[61] |
| I/II |
Tumor cells |
Plasmid DNA |
Diphtheria Toxin A chain |
Treatment is safe but effectiveness on overall survival needs to be proven |
NCT00711997 |
[64] |
| I |
Patient’s T cells |
Non replicative canarypoxvirus |
CEA & B7.1 |
Treatment is not toxic. 3 patients out of 12 with stable disease and signs of anti-tumor immune response. |
Not available |
[65] |
| I |
Patient’T cells |
Vaccinia virus |
CEA & MUCIN-1& co-stimulatory genes |
Little adverse effects of the treatment. 5 out of 8 patients had T cell-specific response and increased overall survival |
Not available |
[66] |
| I |
Tumor cells |
Adenovirus |
IL-12 |
Treatment is safe. 5 assessable patients with pancreatic cancer; 2 stable disease, 3 progressive disease |
Not available |
[67] |
| III |
Tumor cells |
Adenovirus |
TNF-α |
Treatment is safe but not effective |
NCT00868114 |
[68] |
