ABBREVIATION  
Cd Cadmium
CdCl2 Cadmium chloride
CdS Cadmium sulphide
Pb Lead
Hg Mercury
HgCl2 Mercury chloride
MeHg Methyl Mercury
MeHgCl Methyl Mercury Chloride
V Vanadium
Pt Platinum
Pd Palladium
ROS Reactive Oxygen Species
O2 Superoxide anion
H2O2 Hydrogen Peroxide
HOCl Hypochlorous Acid
OH’ Hydroxyl Radical
NO Nitric Oxide
iNOS Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
MMP Matrix Metalloproteinases
LTB4, LTC4 and LTD4 Leukotriene B4, Leukotriene C4 & D4
IL (e.g IL-8) Interleukin (e.g. interleukin-8)
TNF Tumor necrosis factor
MCP-1 Monocyte chemotactic protein-1
MIP-1a Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha
NFkB Nuclear factor kappa B
AP-1 Activation protein-1
JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase
MEK-1 MAP (Mitogen-Activated Protein) Kinase/ERK (
P38 MAPK p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases
ERK-1 Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 1
PI-3K Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase
FMLP N-formyl-methionyl-leucine-phenylalanine
PMA Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate
PKC Protein kinase C
PAF Platelet Activating Factor
PGE2 Prostaglandin E 2
Table 1: List of abbreviations.