Metal Location Range (mg/kg DW ± SD) Mean content (mg/kg DW ± SD) WHO Permissible level
Pb Tehran 29.91± 0.02 - 33.46 ± 0.04 31.21 ± 0.04   10
Beijing 14.81 ± 0.05- 25.11 ± 0.03 16.21± 0.04
Cd Tehran 4.87 ± 0.05 - 11.37± 0.02 9.67 ± 0.03 0.3
Beijing 1.28 ± 0.03-4.82± 0.03 2.77 ± 0.03
Ni Tehran 15.77 ± 0.07- 25.66± 0.03 22.96 ± 0.12 ---
Beijing 22.11 ± 0.04-31.71 ± 0.03 25.16 ± 0.03
Zn Tehran 36.19 ± 0.17- 44.22 ± 0.11 41.79 ± 0.15 100
Beijing 33.17 ± 0.13-40.19 ± 0.16 37.12 ± 0.15
Cr Tehran 29.47 ± 0.04- 36.72 ± 0.07 34.26 ± 0.05 2
Beijing 8.98 ± 0.04-8.98 ± 0.04 37.12 ± 0.15
Cu Tehran 5.44 ± 0.05- 11.27 ± 0.06 8.11 ± 0.06 100
Beijing 40.19 ± 0.16-10.17 ± 0.05 7.39 ± 0.04
Table 1: Average and minimum and maximum of metals (mg/kg DW ± SD) in Panax Ginseng samples purchased from Tehran and Beijing local herbal markets in 2012.