Patient

Consanguinity

Age at diagnosis

Present age

Gender

Clinical

Radiologic

Laboratory

1

-

9 y

12

Male

Mental retardation
Cutis laxa
Seizures
Dysmorphism 
Large fontanel
Myopia

Non-lissencephalic cortical dysplasia
Hip luxation

Protein S= 54% (72-150)
Tf IEF: ↑ 3S, 2S

2

-

6 y

8

Female

Mental retardation
Cutis laxa
Seizures
Dysmorphism
Large fontanel
Myopia

Non-lissencephalic cortical dysplasia
Hip luxation
Scoliosis
Genu valgum

Protein S= 51% (64-126)
Factor XI= 34% (60-140)
Tf IEF: ↑ 3S, 2S

3

? (adopted)

6 y

12

Female

Mental retardation
Cutis laxa
Seizures
Dysmorphism
Large fontanel

Non-lissencephalic cortical dysplasia
Hip luxation
Hydronephrosis

Protein S= 61% (64-126)
Factor XI= 52% (60-140)
Antithrombin= 68% (80-120)
Tf IEF: ↑ 3S, 2S, 1S

4

+

1 y

3

Male

Mental retardation
Cutis laxa
Dysmorphism
Large fontanel
Microcephaly
Unilateral chorioretinitis

Non-lissencephalic cortical dysplasia
Hydronephrosis

Protein S= 55% (72-150)
Factor VIII >200% (60-150)
Factor XI= 54% (60-140)
Factor VIII >200% (60-150)
Tf IEF: ↑ 3S, 2S

5

+ (adopted)

5 y

10

Male

Mental retardation
Dysmorphism
Failure to thrive
Cataract

Scoliosis

ENMG: myopathy
Protein S= 47% (75-141)
Factor VIII = 180% (60-150)
CK= 241-996 IU/L (24-190)
Tf IEF: ↑ 3S, 2S, 1S

6

-

6 y

14

Female

Mental retardation
Dysmorphism
Macrocephaly
Obesity
Myopia / strabismus

Flatfoot

Factor VIII >200% (60-150)
Factor  IX >200% (60-150)
Factor  XI= 170% (60-140)
Tf IEF: ↑ 3S

+: present; -: absent; y: years; ENMG: electroneuromyography; Tf IEF: isoelectric focusing of transferrin; 3S: trisialotranferrin; 2S: disialotransferrin; 1S: monosialotransferrin. Normal values for clotting and anticlotting factors are in parenthesis.
Table 5: Main clinical findings in CDG-II patients.