Figure 12: Bar graph of immediate and follow-up results of patients who had recoarctation following balloon angioplasty of aortic coarctation. Note significant (p < 0.001) drop in the gradient following balloon angioplasty (Pre, prior to vs. Post, immediately following). However, the gradient increases (p < 0.001) slightly at a mean follow-up to 14 mo (FU). After repeat balloon angioplasty ( 2nd BA), the gradient decreased remarkably (P < 0.001); this residual gradient did not increase (P > 0.1) at further follow-up (2nd FU). The gradients at second follow-up are significantly lower (p < 0.001) compared to those prior to initial and repeat balloon angioplasty. Mean + standard error of mean (SEM) are shown. N indicated the number of patients undergoing repeat balloon angioplasty.