Figure 3: This figure shows the Adacolumn medical device. The column is filled with cellulose acetate beads of 2 mm in diameter as adsorptive carriers. The Adacolumn is the first and the only adsorptive type leucocytapheresis medical device in clinical use. Also seen in Figure 3 are scanning electron photomicrographs of leucocytes adsorbed onto an Adacolumn carrier. The high magnification views show that no lymphocyte was adsorbed to the carrier. Further, as seen, adsorbed leucocytes undergo extensive release reaction. Up to now, IL-1receptor antagonist, hepatocyte growth factor, IL-10 and soluble TNF receptors have been measured (all have anti-inflammatory effects, reviewed in ref. 49). Accordingly, during GMA, the blood, which returns to patients from the column outflow may be likened to a biologic cocktail containing a vast number of soluble substances released by adherent leucocytes.