Syndrome (s) Gene (s) Inheritance Principal tumors
Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer BRCA1
BRCA2
Autosomal dominant Breast cancer
Ovarian cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Prostate cancer
Lynch syndrome (formerly HNPCC) includes Muir-Torre, Turcot syndrome MLH1
MSH2
MSH6
PMS2
EPCAM
Autosomal dominant Colorectal cancer
Endometrial cancer
Ovarian cancer
Gastric cancer
Urothelial/biliar tract cancer
Familial adenomatous polyposis (includes Gardner syndrome) APC Autosomal dominant Gastrointestinal adenomas
Colorectal cancer
Duodenal cancer
MYH-associated polyposis MUTYH Autosomal recessive Colorectal cancer
Li-Fraumeni syndrome TP53 Autosomal dominant Sarcoma
Adrenocortical cancer
Brain tumor (include choroid plexus)
Breast cancer
Cowden syndrome PTEN Autosomal dominant Skin tumors
Breast cancer
Thyroid cancer
Endometrial cancer
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer CDH1 Autosomal dominant Gastric cancer (diffuse)
Breast cancer (lobular)
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome STK11 Autosomal dominant Colorectal
Small bowel
Breast cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Juvenile polyposis SMAD4
BMPR1A
Autosomal dominant Colorectal cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Melanoma syndromes CDKN2A (p16)
CDK4
Autosomal dominant Malignant melanoma
Pancreatic cancer
Neurofibromatosis NF1
NF2
Autosomal dominant Schwannoma (vestibular)
Meningioma
Neurofibroma
Optic glioma
Tuberous sclerosis TSC1
TSC2
Autosomal dominant Renal angiomyolipoma
Subependimoma
Astrocytoma(giant cell)
Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome VHL Autosomal dominant Hemangioblastoma
(CNS, retina)
Renal cell cancer
Pheochromocytoma
Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome FLCN Autosomal dominant Renal cell cancer
Skin tumors
Papillary renal cancer syndromes FH
MET
Autosomal dominant Renal cell cancer
Retinoblastoma RB1 Autosomal dominant Retinoblastoma
Osteosarcoma
Hereditary Paraganglioma SDHA
SDHB
SDHC
SDHD
Autosomal dominant Paraganglioma
Pheochromocytoma
MEN1
MEN2
MEN1
RET
Autosomal dominant Pituitary adenoma
Parathyroid adenoma
Thyroid cancer (medular)
Pheochromocytoma
HNPCC: Hereditary Non Polyposis Colon Cancer
MEN: Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia
Table 1: Hereditary cancer syndromes.