Allele Phenotype
CCR5Δ32 Heterozygous variant delays disease progression while homozygous allele is strongly is associated with potent resistant to HIV infection [27].
Class I (B*27, 57, 58, A*03) B*27, 57, 58, A*03 positive individuals exhibit neuroprotective response with decreased impairment at baseline [25].
Class I HLA-B*07:02 B*07:02 positive individuals have accelerated disease progression when infected with B-clade HIV, but not when infected with C-clade HIV [28].
Bw4 HLA-B(B*44 & B*57) B*44-positive individuals homozygousfor Bw4 have a significantly lower set point viral load [29].
HLA Class I B-27 B-27 positive children exhibit delayed disease progression & protection from CNS impairment [26].
HLA Class I A-24 A-24 positive children exhibited rapid CNS disease progression with no impact on overall disease [26].
HLA Class I CW-2 CW-2 positive children exhibit delayed disease progression with no impact on CNS impairment [26].
HLA Class II DBQ 1-2 DBQ 1-2 positive children exhibit slower disease progression [26].
Alzheimer’s associated ApoE4 Class I HLA-DR*04 Synergistic action leads to greater neurocognitive decline in positive individuals [25].
Table 1: Examples of genetic variants that affect HIV disease progression and neurocognitive function.