Period Belgium France Italy Germany Netherlands Sweden Switzerland
1971/72 2.11 2.99 5.31 1.43 1.60 0.48 0.61
1972/73 2.13 3.04 5.02 1.44 1.59 0.48 0.63
1973/74 2.18 2.98 4.84 1.61 1.71 0.47 0.68
1974/75 2.30 3.08 4.83 1.66 1.82 0.50 0.77
1975/76 2.16 3.03 3.84 1.59 1.72 0.47 0.80
1976/77 2.26 2.76 3.13 1.68 1.81 0.48 0.83
1977/78 2.49 2.86 2.75 1.88 1.98 0.45 0.99
1978/79 2.79 3.15 2.39 2.14 2.23 0.47 1.24
1979/80 2.91 3.27 4.17 2.27 2.32 0.49 1.25
1980/81 2.61 2.94 4.20 2.04 2.10 0.46 1.15
1981/82 2.06 2.31 3.24 1.74 1.77 0.37 1.07
1982/83 1.74 1.93 2.83 1.65 1.68 0.29 0.99
1983/84 1.54 1.67 2.47 1.52 1.52 0.26 0.95
1984/85 1.36 1.45 2.10 1.33 1.32 0.23 0.81
1985/86 1.66 1.78 2.39 1.64 1.64 0.27 1.00
1986/87 2.10 2.15 2.98 2.11 2.11 0.31 1.30
1987/88 2.33 2.34 3.18 2.35 2.36 0.34 1.45
1988/89 2.16 2.17 2.95 2.20 2.19 0.33 1.31
1989/90 2.28 2.28 3.10 2.30 2.30 0.33 1.34
1990/91 2.57 2.55 3.41 2.58 2.57 0.36 1.54
1991/92 2.47 2.44 3.25 2.47 2.47 0.35 1.41
1992/93 5.32 5.26 5.88 5.31 5.32 0.63 2.98
1993/94 5.88 5.82 6.11 5.98 6.00 0.64 3.52
1994/95 7.76 7.48 7.06 7.74 7.79 0.79 4.71
1995/96 8.53 8.30 7.77 8.52 8.57 0.92 5.31
1996/97 8.02 7.94 7.96 8.01 8.03 0.92 4.83
1997/98 7.55 7.55 7.62 7.55 7.55 0.88 4.67
1998/99 8.43 8.43 8.42 8.44 8.42 0.93 5.21
1999/00 8.33 8.33 8.33 8.33 8.17 0.96 5.12
2000/01 7.43 7.43 7.43 7.43 7.43 0.85 4.85
2001/02 7.67 7.67 7.67 7.67 7.67 0.82 5.18
2002/03 8.98 8.98 8.98 8.98 8.98 0.98 6.07
2003/04 10.27 10.27 10.27 10.27 10.27 1.13 6.62
2004/05 11.01 11.01 11.01 11.01 11.01 1.21 7.15
2005/06 10.56 10.56 10.56 10.56 10.56 1.13 6.79
2006/07 11.48 11.48 11.48 11.48 11.48 1.25 7.13
2007/08 13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61 13.61 1.46 8.36
2008/09 14.32 14.29 14.29 14.29 14.29 1.38 9.28
2009/10 17.90 17.90 17.90 17.90 17.90 1.77 12.14
2010/11 22.03 22.03 22.03 22.03 22.03 2.42 17.00
2011/12 23.03 23.03 23.03 23.03 23.03 2.56 19.76
Table 23a: Bilateral exchange rate between birr and major trade partners currency (1971/72-2011/12).