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Journal of Integrative Oncology

ISSN: 2329-6771

Open Access

Articles in press and Articles in process

      Research Article Pages: 1 - 6

      The Effect of Educational Intervention on Breast Cancer Self Examination Using BASNEF Model in Women Working in Comprehensive Health Service Centers in Shushtar

      Mahin Nazari*, Golchehreh Bozorgi and Tayyaba Rakhshani

      DOI: 10.37421/2329-6771.2022.11.395

      Objective: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among women. Early detection of breast cancer leads to almost complete cure. Breast cancer screening includes breast self-examination, clinical breast examination, and mammography.

      Methods: This is an interventional (descriptive) study. The study population was 400 female employees working for 20 years-45 years under the auspices of Shushtar health centers. Which were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=100) and control (n=100). The educational intervention was performed in two sessions of 60 minutes. Data were collected by completing a questionnaire as well as a performance checklist during a direct interview before the educational intervention and two months after. After co-ordination with all health centers in Shushtar city and making available the population of women working staff aged 20 years-45 years, sampling was performed in two stages. In order to analyze the data using SPSS software. Ver 25. To describe the data, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, ANOVA and paired analysis test will be used.

      Results: 400 women working in comprehensive health centers in Shushtar city were investigated in this study. Most of the surveyed working women were 35 years-40 years old (32/5) 130. The highest rate of marital status of working women is married (60) 240. Likewise, the results showed that the education level of most working women (45) was 180 of the participants in the bachelor study. The results of the ttest showed that there was a significant difference between all the components of breast self-examination before and after the intervention. The results of the paired t-test showed that there was a significant difference between all the components of breast self-examination before and after the intervention.

      Conclusion: BASNEF model was effective in breast self-examination training in women aged 20 years-45 years in Shushtar comprehensive health centers and increased the scores of knowledge, attitude, abstract norms, enabling factors and performance.

        Research Article Pages: 1 - 6

        Visiting Community-Based Psychosocial Support Centers for Cancer Patients and Their Relatives: A Buffer for the Decrease in Health Quality of Life.

        Adriaan Visser

        Introduction: PIntroduction: Psychosocial treatments may prevent the decrease of the perceived HQoL of cancer patients with a good medical condition. However, contrarily, psychosocial support may not prevent the decrease their HQoL, but only stabilized it, in case of a bad medical condition. The explanatory factor of the effect of psychosocial support may be the severity of the medical condition of patients. This hypothesis was tested in an intervention among Dutch cancer patients visiting a Community Based Support Centre (CBSC), offering contacts with fellow patients, psychological treatment, and participation in supportive activities (e.g. walking, music and art therapy, mindfulness training, cooking courses). Methods: A mixed methods study was held among 20 CBSC’s, including 24 visitors about the meaning of their HQoL. In a digital survey at two timepoints (T-1, a few months after the first visit) and again after 3 months-5 months (T-2), the HQoL was studied using three questions of the standardized EORTC measure, beside validated questions on the medical condition, fatigue, sleeping, pain, short-breathing, and perceived prognosis. All measures are very reliable showed by Cronbach alpha coefficients between 0.72 and 0.96. Results: The studies confirmed that visiting CBSCs enable their well-being and the communication about HQoL. In total 203 visitors responded at both time points, revealing that between T1-T2, the HQoL decreased (p<0.05) from 5.3 to 5.1 (seven-point scale). In multivariate analysis the influence of eight confounding factors was studied to explain this result: Social and medical characteristics, medical condition, morbidities, being an (ex) patient or relative with/without cancer, changes in health, stressful life events, number of visits, and perceived meaning of the visits. Only the severity of the medical condition plaid a role in the decrease of HQoL. For visitors with a better medical condition at T-1 the HQoL decreased, while for visitors with a rather worse medical condition at T1, the HQoL did not change. Conclusion: The results confirm the hypothesis that a psychosocial intervention (visiting CBSCs) decreases the HQoL over 3 months-5 months as part of their adaptation process. However, for visitors with a poorer medical condition, the HQoL remained stable over time. This implies that psychosocial interventions (e.g. visiting a CBSC) are functioning as a buffer against decreasing HQoL for those in a poor medical condition only.

          Editorial Pages: 1 - 2

          Falabella Patrizia

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          Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer in females. It is also a leading cause of cancer deaths among females. Any abnormal growth in breast which has a potential to spread elsewhere too is breast cancer. Almost every woman feels some kind of changes in her breast during her life, some type of lumps and bumps but fortunately most of them are harmless, however every lump in breast warrants a careful clinical examination and further investigations if required. Most of the breast cancers present as a painless lump which is slowly increasing in size over a period of weeks and months. Since it is painless to start with therefore it is neglected for a long time and patients present late. Other features include retraction of nipple, nipple discharge, eczematous lesion on nipple and areola. Dimpling of skin or orange peel like appearance. In advance stage the lady may present with a large mass with ulceration, bleeding pain. They also present with a mass in armpit due to enlarged lymph nodes. If you notice any breast changes or a mammogram shows something suspicious, then physical examination is needed, checking both breast and the lymph nodes above your collar bone and above your arms. A mammogram is a low dose x-ray that can find changes that are too small to be felt during a physical examination. If a mammogram picks up breast changes you may have an ultrasound. This is a painless scan using sound waves to make a picture of your breast. If breast cancer is suspected, a doctor removes some of the breast tissue for examination by a pathologist under a microscope. Systemic treatments are intended to kill cancer cells that may have left the original tumor location and be elsewhere in the body. These treatments affect all cells in the body, not just cancer cells. So make sure you discuss possible side effects with your healthcare provider.

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