Smokers (n=54) Non-consumers (n=60) % increase % decline p Serum α-amylase (m ± Et) 110.53 ± 73.35 120.14 ± 71.99   8.00 0.48 Salivary α-amylase (m ± Et) 17.34 ± 17 8,73 ± 6.14 98.62   0.04   Snuffers (n = 60) Non-consumers (n = 60)       Serum α-amylase (m ± Et) 109.69 ± 58.20 120.14 ± 71.99   8.00 0.48 Salivary α-amylase (m ± Et) 17.34 ± 17 8,73 ± 6.14 98.62   0.04   Snuffers (n = 60) Non-consumers (n = 60)       Serum α-amylase (m ± Et) 109.69 ± 58.20 120.14 ± 71.99   8.70 0.38 Salivary α-amylase (m ± Et) 9.90 ± 9.44 8,73 ± 6.14 13.40   0.98     Chewers (n = 60) Non-consumers (n = 60)       Serum α-amylase (m ± Et) 92.63 ± 48.84 120.14 ± 71.99   22.90 0.01 Salivary α- (m ± Et) 5.61 ± 5.38 8.73 ± 6.14   38.37 0.02 m ± SD: average ± standard deviation

Table 4: Comparison of serum (UI/L) and saliva (104 UI/L) alpha-amylase activity between tobacco consumers and non-consumers.