FDA-approved Drug Target In vivo Model: Organ I/R Injury Reference
Etanercept (Enbrel®);
sTNFR-IgG1 Fc
TNF-α Human: heart Clinical trial ID: NCT01372930, Phase IV.
Location:  Xijing Hospital, Xi’an, Shanxi, China
Etanercept (Enbrel®) TNF-α Rat: kidney [201]
Etanercept (Enbrel®) TNF-α Dog: heart [130]
Infliximab (Remicade®) TNF-α Rat: liver [131]
Infliximab (Remicade®) TNF-α Rabbit:  spinal cord [132]
Infliximab (Remicade®) TNF-α Rat: small bowel [133]
Infliximab (Remicade®) TNF-α Swine: heart [134,135]
Adalimumab (Humira®) TNF-α None published None published
Table 3: FDA-approved biologics targeting TNF-α in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Abbreviations: TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; sTNFR2-Fc, soluble tumor necrosis factor- α receptor 2 fused with IgG1 Fc fragment; MAb, monoclonal antibody.