HERO Shaper Profile 0.06 Twisted file Overall mean Inner canal wall 38.3 ± 15.67 80.7 ± 23.59 108.7 ± 43.17 75.9 ± 41.32 Outer canal wall 61.6 ± 29.56 104.8 ± 26.04 80.3 ± 25.67 82.2 ± 32.09

Table 3: Mean changes (μm) across inner and outer measurement sites.