Solvent Plant part Exposure concentration (µL/L air)
5.0 10 15 20
C. maculatus
Hexane Leaf 2.86 ± 1.85a 8.89 ± 2.22ab 20.75±2.94abc 23.56 ±2.30bc
Fruit 7.30 ± 2.03a 13.02 ± 0.78a 36.67 ± 2.18a 45.78 ± 2.99a
Diethyl ether Leaf 10.07±2.71abc 14.52 ±2.69cd 31.67 ± 2.21c 50.89 ± 2.66b
Fruit 22.38 ± 2.63a 50.24 ± 3.89a 100.0 ± 0.0a 100.0 ± 0.0a
Methanol Leaf 2.22 ± 1.21a 7.30 ± 2.03a 17.30 ± 2.19b 25.56 ± 2.06b
Fruit 5.08 ± 2.15a 10.79 ± 2.76a 32.86 ± 2.68a 41.33 ± 3.74a
S. oryzae
Hexane Leaf 0.0 ± 0.0a 4.44 ± 2.78c 12.44 ±2.69bc 18.22 ± 1.77c
Fruit 2.86 ± 1.85a 10.16 ±2.63ab 26.67 ±2.21ab 36.44 ±2.77ab
Diethyl ether Leaf 5.08 ± 1.15bc 9.52 ± 2.61d 26.01 ± 2.07c 41.78 ± 2.30b
Fruit 15.79 ±1.75ab 37.22 ±1.63ab 83.56 ± 3.13c 100.0 ± 0.0a
Methanol Leaf 0.0 ± 0.0a 0.0 ± 0.0a 8.89 ± 1.97b 17.44 ± 2.74b
Fruit 0.0 ± 0.0a 5.08 ± 1.15a 19.71 ±2.39ab 29.33 ±1.99ab
T. castaneum
Hexane Leaf 0.0 ± 0.0a 0.0 ± 0.0c 6.22 ± 2.05c 12.89 ± 1.77c
Fruit 0.0 ± 0.0 a 0.0 ± 0.0c 20.22±2.56abc 28.89±2.06abc
Diethyl ether Leaf 2.22 ± 1.22c 6.67 ± 2.72d 17.90 ± 2.07d 36.89 ± 2.16b
Fruit 10.16±2.63abc 27.56 ±2.23bc 66.22 ± 3.18b 92.00 ± 2.89a
Methanol Leaf 0.0 ± 0.0a 0.0 ± 0.0a 4.44 ± 2.72b 13.89 ± 2.77b
Fruit 0.0 ± 0.0a 0.0 ± 0.0a 13.65 ± 0.63b 22.78 ± 2.89b
Values represent Mean ± SD; Similar alphabets in a column do not differ significantly using Tukey’s test (P ≤ 0.05).
Table 3: Percent repellent activity of solvent extracts of T. asiatica against C. maculatus, S. oryzae and T. castaneum after 3 h in the filter paper test.