Sensitivity (%)

Specificity (%)

Youden index

BV

88.46

53.85

0.42

PF

76.92

61.54

0.38

Parallel combination

69.23

71.79

0.41

Series combination

96.15

43.59

0.40
Table 3: Evaluation of renal cell carcinoma grading by separate and joint use of BV and PF values.