Figure 1: Gene structures on the ATP7B of humans and on the Atp7b of Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats. In humans, the gene structure is composed of 21 exons. However, 6 exons after exon-15 were completely deleted in the LEC rats. The asterisk (*) marks indicate the mutation points cited from the Wilson disease mutation database in the University of Alberta curated by Bugbee et. al. [12].