K+: potassium ion, Ca2+: calcium ion, O2 oxygen, O2- : superoxide anion, H2O2: hydrogen peroxide, ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate, ET-1: Endothelin-1, ETA: Endothelin A receptor, PLC: Phospholipase C, IP3: Inositol Triphosphate, IP3R: IP3 receptor, MLCK: Myosin Light Chain Kinase, MLC: Myosin Light Chain, Kv: Voltage gated potassium channel, KATP: ATP-sensitive potassium channel, BK[Ca]: Large-conductance voltage–dependent and calcium-activated potassium channels, VDCC: Voltage-dependent calcium channel, SOC: Storeoperated calcium channel, TRP: Transient receptor potential channel, Mt: mitochondria, SR: sarcoplasmic reticulum
Figure 1: A schematic model of DA closure via ion channels.