| Personal Level |
Program Level |
| Insight |
Motivation |
Treatment Outcome |
Insight |
Motivation |
Treatment Outcome |
| Before versus during treatment |
This population has lower motivation |
Higher levels lead to better treatment outcome |
Treatment improves insight |
Operationalized as during-treatment participation/engagement (motivation as action) |
Treatment that focuses on increasing motivation/insight leads to less recidivism/relapse |
| This population has lower insight |
Internal versus external |
Higher levels of motivation/insight lead to seeking aftercare |
Insight as goal of treatment |
Pathway process of treatment affecting individual’s behaviour |
Motivation is more important to outcome than problem severity |
| Operationalized as criminal thinking levels/awareness of severity of problem/awareness of role in current circumstances |
Operationalized as readiness to change |
Higher levels of motivation/insight lead to less recidivism |
Adaptation of insight into identity (leads to behaviour change) |
Increasing client participation increases personal motivation |
Treatment that increases insight allows participants to make better after-treatment decisions |
| Longer duration of use leads to increased awareness of problem |
Affects behaviour during treatment |
|
Lack of insight leads to increased resistance to treatment/progress |
Increasing client motivation increases willpower to reduce relapse rate |
|
| Increased insight leads to behaviour change |
Longer duration of use leads to higher motivation |
|
Treatment uses motivation as a tool to increase participation and commitment to treatment |
Treatment acts as external motivation that increases internal motivation |
|
| Higher problem severity leads to increased insight |
Motivation leads to choices |
|
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Treatment uses motivation as a pathway to engagement and rapport |
|
| Insight as a latent variable |
Alone, not effective |
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