| |
Overall |
Never smokers |
Former smokers |
Current smokers |
| Variables |
(N = 2,464) |
(n = 970) |
(n = 538) |
(n = 956) |
| |
n (%)a |
n (%)b |
n (%)b |
n (%)b |
| Sociodemographic |
|
|
|
|
| Age (years), mean (SD) |
45.4 (11.4) |
44.5 (11.8) |
48.2 (11.3) |
44.6 (10.7) |
| Gender/sexual orientation |
|
|
|
|
| Women |
542 (22.0) |
267 (49.3) |
86 (15.9) |
189 (34.8) |
| Male heterosexual |
405 (16.4) |
146 (36.0) |
101 (24.9) |
158 (39.0) |
| MSM |
1447 (58.7) |
542 (37.5) |
332 (22.9) |
573 (39.5) |
| Race/ethnicity |
|
|
|
|
| Caucasian |
1,090 (45.4) |
328 (30.0) |
295 (27.1) |
467 (42.9) |
| African American |
1,310 (54.6) |
612 (46.7) |
228 (17.4) |
470 (35.9) |
| Clinical |
|
|
|
|
| ART Adherence |
|
|
|
|
| Non-adherent |
295 (12.0) |
103 (34.9) |
49 (16.6) |
143 (48.5) |
| Comorbidities c |
|
|
|
|
| Cardiovascular |
1,182 (48.0) |
499 (42.2) |
292 (24.7) |
391 (33.1) |
| Respiratory |
555 (22.5) |
198 (35.7) |
114 (20.5) |
243 (43.8) |
| Metabolic |
1,009 (40.9) |
413 (40.9) |
267 (26.5) |
329 (32.6) |
| Any cancers |
280 (11.4) |
107 (38.2) |
80 (28.6) |
93 (33.2) |
| Laboratory parameters d |
|
|
|
|
| Viral Load (copies/mL) |
|
|
|
|
| Detectable (≥ 50) |
702 (28.6) |
242 (35.5) |
131 (18.7) |
329 (46.9) |
| CD4 count (cells/µL) |
|
|
|
|
| <200 |
297 (12.1) |
120 (40.4) |
54 (18.2) |
123 (41.4) |
| 200-350 |
367 (15.0) |
145 (39.5) |
86 (23.4) |
136 (37.1) |
| >350 |
1,789 (72.9) |
701 (39.2) |
396 (22.1) |
692 (38.7) |
| Psychosocial |
|
|
|
|
| Depression |
992 (40.8) |
299 (30.1) |
207 (20.8) |
486 (48.9) |
| Anxiety |
580 (24.0) |
154 (26.6) |
128 (22.1) |
298 (51.4) |
| Substance abuse e |
|
|
|
|
| Never |
1,512 (61.1) |
804 (53.2) |
294 (19.4) |
414 (27.3) |
| Prior |
733 (29.9) |
134 (18.3) |
212 (28.9) |
387 (52.7) |
| Current |
210 (8.6) |
27 (12.9) |
30 (14.3) |
153 (72.9) |
|
| Abbreviations: ART- Antiretroviral Therapy; HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus; MSM- Men who have sex with men; SD- Standard Deviation; UAB- University of Alabama, Birmingham Comorbidities: Cardiovascular (stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, hypertension); Respiratory (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bacterial pneumonia); Metabolic (diabetes and dyslipidemia); Missing data: Race, 2.6%; Gender/sexual orientation, 3.2%; adherence, 0.6%; viral load, 0.4%; depression (PHQ-9), 1.3%; anxiety (PHQ-A), 1.7%; substance abuse (ASSIST), 1.7% All the variables were significant at p value <0.05 level except for CD4 countaColumn percentages; b row percentages; c Yes to history of comorbidities; d Lab value closest on or prior to index visit; e Substance abuse includes (opioids, marijuana, crack/cocaine, amphetamines) |
