Table 4: Comparisons of crude percentages and EAIRs for the clinical trial example.

Crude Percentage EAIR Short N=322 n* LongN=483n* Short (SE) Long (SE) Difference (95% CI) Short(SE) Long(SE) Difference Adverse Event (95% CIP) (95% CIMN) Diarrhea 34 102 0.1056 0.2112 0.1056 0.2501 0.3105 0.0604       -0.0171 -0.0186 (0.0561,0.1551) (-0.0432) (-0.0302) (-0.0428, 0.1636) (-0.0524, 0.1731) Cough 26 50 0.0807 0.1035 0.0228 0.1898 0.1431 -0.0467       -0.0152 -0.0139 (-0.0176,0.0632) (-0.037) (-0.0201) (-0.1293, 0.0360) (-0.1223, 0.0290) Arthralgia     0.059 0.1284 0.0694 0.1364 0.1808 0.0444 Arthralgia 19 62 -0.0131 -0.0152 (0.0301, 0.1087) (-0.0313) (-0.0228) (-0.0316, 0.1204) (-0.0413, 0.1301)

Note: N is the total number of patients, n∗ represents the number of patients who have experienced the event, 95% CIP and 95% CIMN denote the calculated 95% confidence intervals for the EAIR difference using the proposed method and the MN method, respectively.