| Heavy metal |
Sample |
Rehmanniae Radix Preparata |
Zizyphi Fructus |
Cnidii Rhizoma |
Cinnamomi Cortex Spissus |
Astragali Radix |
Paeoniae Radix Alba |
Glycyrrhizae Radix |
Angelicae Gigantis Radix |
Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus |
| Lead |
Herbal decoction |
0.16±0.03 |
0.30±0.09 |
0.24±0.06 |
1.15±0.14 |
0.69±0.05 |
0.93±0.03 |
0.61±0.10 |
0.11±0.01 |
0.12±0.03 |
| (Pb2+) |
Herbal residue |
3.13±0.14 |
2.96±0.44 |
1.42±0.20 |
2.19±0.09 |
3.64±0.34 |
6.53±0.74 |
7.40±0.56 |
4.19±0.53 |
5.96±0.36 |
| (mg/kg) |
Hempen cloth filter |
0.59±0.12 |
0.42±0.07 |
0.13±0.22 |
0.16±0.04 |
0.23±0.03 |
0.43±0.01 |
0.68±0.04 |
0.11±0.02 |
1.38±0.17 |
| ±error |
Total level |
3.88±0.23 |
3.68±0.42 |
1.79±0.28 |
3.49±0.18 |
4.56±0.33 |
7.89±0.72 |
8.69±0.53 |
4.41±0.52 |
7.46±0.20 |
| |
% in decoction |
4.12 |
8.15 |
13.4 |
33.0 |
15.1 |
11.8 |
7.02 |
2.49 |
1.61 |
| Copper |
Herbal decoction |
0.23±0.03 |
0.34±0.10 |
0.56±0.32 |
0.51±0.09 |
0.87±0.07 |
0.50±0.09 |
0.59±0.04 |
0.65±0.06 |
0.43±0.06 |
| (Cu2+) |
Herbal residue |
2.18±0.17 |
7.27±0.86 |
6.93±0.59 |
7.11±1.02 |
4.11±1.06 |
7.43±0.27 |
3.91±0.14 |
8.24±0.76 |
2.45±0.13 |
| (mg/kg) |
Hempen cloth filter |
0.58±0.08 |
0.36±0.14 |
0.71±0.03 |
1.42±0.03 |
1.72±0.39 |
0.55±0.07 |
0.71±0.05 |
0.54±0.06 |
0.59±0.04 |
| ±error |
Total level |
2.99±0.10 |
7.97±0.84 |
8.20±0.61 |
9.04±1.09 |
6.70±1.22 |
8.48±0.41 |
5.21±0.22 |
9.43±0.77 |
3.47±0.10 |
| |
% in decoction |
7.69 |
4.27 |
6.80 |
5.64 |
13.0 |
5.90 |
11.3 |
6.89 |
12.4 |
| Cadmium |
Herbal decoction |
0.07±0.02 |
0.05±0.02 |
0.09±0.02 |
0.08±0.01 |
0.08±0.01 |
0.05±0.01 |
0.04±0.01 |
0.10±0.03 |
0.09±0.03 |
| (Cd2+) |
Herbal residue |
1.25±0.12 |
0.28±0.09 |
0.55±0.08 |
0.68±0.18 |
0.39±0.07 |
0.84±0.12 |
0.75±0.04 |
2.11±0.05 |
4.64±0.37 |
| (mg/kg) |
Hempen cloth filter |
0.11±0.05 |
0.11±0.04 |
0.06±0.01 |
0.10±0.04 |
0.25±0.10 |
0.20±0.11 |
0.14±0.02 |
0.07±0.01 |
0.22±0.04 |
| ±error |
Total level |
1.43±0.10 |
0.44±0.05 |
0.70±0.11 |
0.87±0.20 |
0.72±0.16 |
1.09±0.23 |
0.93±0.04 |
2.28±0.03 |
4.95±0.43 |
| |
% in decoction |
4.90 |
11.4 |
12.9 |
9.20 |
11.1 |
4.59 |
4.30 |
4.39 |
1.82 |
| Chromium |
Herbal decoction |
1.09±0.02 |
1.83±0.17 |
1.16±0.11 |
0.94±0.02 |
0.85±0.04 |
1.05±0.05 |
0.51±0.01 |
0.70±0.05 |
1.65±0.23 |
| (Cr6+) |
Herbal residue |
6.48±0.20 |
4.46±0.31 |
6.10±0.51 |
5.64±0.31 |
5.93±0.26 |
4.00±0.76 |
6.69±0.29 |
7.74±0.18 |
12.7±1.58 |
| (mg/kg) |
Hempen cloth filter |
0.45±0.10 |
0.91±0.37 |
0.71±0.31 |
1.48±0.07 |
1.67±0.22 |
1.73±0.32 |
2.19±0.25 |
1.84±0.32 |
1.94±0.06 |
| ±error |
Total level |
8.02±0.12 |
7.20±0.67 |
7.97±0.38 |
8.06±0.27 |
8.45±0.13 |
6.78±0.54 |
9.39±0.13 |
10.3±0.12 |
16.3±1.43 |
| |
% in decoction |
13.6 |
25.4 |
14.6 |
11.7 |
10.1 |
15.5 |
5.43 |
6.80 |
10.1 |
| Mercury |
Herbal decoction |
0.00±0.01 |
0.14±0.02 |
0.20±0.03 |
0.00±0.00 |
0.17±0.01 |
0.09±0.01 |
0.00±0.00 |
0.21±0.02 |
0.12±0.03 |
| (Hg2+) |
Herbal residue |
1.61±0.07 |
2.33±0.43 |
3.21±0.31 |
1.45±0.17 |
3.16±0.52 |
2.27±0.13 |
3.72±0.15 |
4.60±0.53 |
2.11±0.08 |
| (mg/kg) |
Hempen cloth filter |
1.49±0.07 |
0.11±0.02 |
0.10±0.04 |
0.16±0.03 |
0.67±0.05 |
0.02±0.01 |
1.34±0.28 |
0.01±0.01 |
0.10±0.01 |
| ±error |
Total level |
3.10±0.14 |
2.58±0.41 |
3.51±0.28 |
1.61±0.20 |
4.00±0.50 |
2.38±0.12 |
5.06±0.13 |
4.82±0.54 |
2.33±0.09 |
| |
% in decoction |
0.00 |
5.43 |
5.70 |
0.00 |
4.25 |
3.78 |
0.00 |
4.36 |
5.15 |
| Arsenic |
Herbal decoction |
0.42±0.02 |
0.51±0.03 |
0.58±0.05 |
0.34±0.02 |
0.59±0.01 |
0.59±0.05 |
0.38±0.12 |
0.67±0.07 |
1.40±0.13 |
| (As2+) |
Herbal residue |
1.29±0.03 |
3.03±0.07 |
3.21±0.22 |
5.45±0.16 |
3.56±0.11 |
2.56±0.31 |
1.86±0.03 |
6.05±0.06 |
4.82±0.12 |
| (mg/kg) |
Hempen cloth filter |
1.45±0.21 |
0.62±0.22 |
1.39±0.15 |
1.32±0.16 |
1.89±0.11 |
0.87±0.05 |
0.18±0.03 |
0.49±0.05 |
1.44±0.14 |
| ±error |
Total level |
3.16±0.18 |
4.16±0.21 |
5.18±0.29 |
7.11±0.25 |
6.04±0.19 |
4.02±0.37 |
2.41±0.12 |
7.21±0.05 |
7.66±0.29 |
| |
% in decoction |
13.3 |
12.3 |
11.2 |
4.78 |
9.77 |
14.7 |
15.4 |
9.29 |
18.3 |
| Total heavy metals in herbal decoction in mg/kg
(%) |
|
1.97
(8.73) |
3.17
(12.18) |
2.83
(10.35) |
3.02
(10.01) |
3.25
(10.67) |
3.21
(10.48) |
2.12
(6.69) |
2.44
(6.35) |
3.81
(9.04) |
| Total heavy metals in herbal residue in mg/kg
(%) |
|
15.94
(70.59) |
20.33
(78.10) |
21.42
(78.32) |
22.52
(74.62) |
20.79
(68.23) |
23.63
(77.12) |
24.33
(76.77) |
32.93
(85.69) |
32.68
(77.51) |
| Total heavy metals in hempen cloth filter in mg/kg
(%) |
|
4.67
(20.68) |
2.53
(9.72) |
3.1
(11.33) |
4.64
(15.37) |
6.43
(21.10) |
3.80
(12.40) |
5.24
(16.54) |
3.06
(7.96) |
5.67
(13.46) |
| Sum of heavy metals in decoction, residue and hempen cloth filter in mg/kg
(%) |
|
22.58
(100) |
26.03
(100) |
27.35
(100) |
30.18
(100) |
30.47
(100) |
30.64
(100) |
31.69
(100) |
38.43
(100) |
42.16
(100) |
