Conditions Lignin Cellulose Hemicellulose Ash [U] 10.64 38.20 30.85 1.02 [A] 5.80 81.12 8.23 0.56 [A+B5] 5.76 72.86 7.42 0.56 [A+B10] 5.74 60.97 6.84 0.58 [B5] 10.43 37.29 30.60 1.16 [B10] 10.73 37.53 30.24 1.02

Table 1: Changes of main compositions of rice straw after NaOH and biologicalpretreatment %. [U] is untreated rice straw; [A] is rice straw pretreated with 1.5MNaOH; [A+B5] is rice straw pretreated with 1.5M NaOH followed by biologicalpretreatment for 5 days; [A+B10] is rice straw pretreated with 1.5M NaOH followedby biological pretreatment for 10 days; [B5] is biological pretreatment for 5 days;[B10] is biological pretreatment for 10 days.