Antimicrobial  agents Prevalence of resistant strains, no. (Column %) P value A(N=8) B1(N=7) B2(N=19) D(N=30) D vs B2 D vs A& B1 SAM 8(100) 7(100.0) 17(89.5) 27(90.0) 1.000 0.540 AK 2(25.0) 2(28.6) 5(26.3) 10(33.3) 0.604 0.909 CAZ 3(37.5) 1(14.3) 1(5.3) 9(30.0) 0.084 1.000 CXM 6(75.0) 4(57.1) 11(57.9) 23(76.7) 0.165 0.475 FEP 2(25.0) 2(28.6) 2(10.5) 15(50.0) 0.012 0.240 FOX 1(12.5) 1(14.3) 0(0.0) 6(20.0) 0.069 0.890 IPM 1(12.5) 0(0.0) 0(0.0) 1(3.3) 1.000 1.000 SCF 2(25.0) 0(0.0) 1(5.3) 4(13.3) 0.671 1.000 TZP 2(25.0) 2(28.6) 10(32.6) 10(33.3) 0.181 0.909 PRL 7(87.5) 3(42.9) 4(21.1) 19(63.3) 0.009 0.826 CTX 6(75.4) 2(28.6) 5(26.3) 18(60.0) 0.021 0.670 TIM 2(25.0) 2(28.6) 12(63.2) 15(50.0) 0.367 0.240 LEV 5(62.5) 6(85.7) 12(63.2) 19(63.3) 0.990 0.737 SXT 4(50.0) 4(57.1) 10(52.6) 17(56.7) 0.782 0.832 ATM 4(50.0) 4(57.1) 3(15.8) 19(63.3) 0.003 0.519 FOM 1(12.5) 0(0.0) 1(5.3) 2(6.67) 1.000 1.000

SAM, ampicillin/sulbactam; CXM, cefuroxime; CAZ, ceftazidime; CTX, cefotaxime; FEP, cefepime; FOX, cefoxitin; ATM, aztreonam; IPM, imipenem; AK, amikacin; SXT, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; LEV, levofloxacin; PRL, piperacilin; SCF, cefoperazone/sulbactam; TLM, ticacillin/clavulanic acid;  TZP, piperacilin /tazobactam; FOM, fosfomycin.

Table 1: Association between resistance to antimicrobial agents and phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolates associated with acute pyelonephritis.