Simian Plasmodium species Regional distribution Human species resembling to them Asia P. coatney Malaysia, Philippines P. falciparum P. cynomolgi India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan P. vivax P. eylesi Malaysia P. vivax P. fieldi Malaysia P. ovale P. fragile India, Sri Lanka P. falciparum P. hylobati Indonesia P. vivax P. inui India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan P. malariae P. jeffrey Indonesia, Malaysia P. vivax P. knowlesi China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan P. malariae, P. falciparum P. pitheci Malaysia P. vivax P. simiovale Sri Lanka P. ovale P. silvaticum Malaysia P. vivax P. youngi Malaysia P. vivax South America P. brasilianum Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Venezuela P. malariae P. simium Brazil P. vivax

Table 1: Malaria species of simian origin isolated in Asia and in Southern America (modified from the reference quotation [4]). Their associated geographical distrubution, and the morphologic similarities to one of the four “classical” human plasmodia species (i.e. Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malariae), are pointed out.