| Measures |
iFOBT |
HRFQ+iFOBT |
Colonoscopy |
Serum M2-PK |
Fecal DNA |
| Sensitivity |
67-90% |
Better than iFOBT |
High |
100% at 2.0U/ml cutoff |
71-91% |
| Specificity |
95-98% |
Lower than iFOBT |
High |
67-81% at 4.0 U/ml cut off |
93-100% |
| Cost/person/procedure |
$22.22 |
$25.00 |
$662.00 for without polypectomy;$846.00 with polypectomy or biopsy; Treatment with complications:
$12,446 for perforation;
$5208 for serosal burn;
$5208 for bleeding with transfusion; $320 for bleeding without transfusion |
$5.22 |
No data, expected to be expensive |
| Safety |
Non-invasive
Home-based |
Non-invasive
Home-based |
Invasive with risk of complications
Hospital/office-based |
Non-invasive
Hospital/office-based |
Non-invasive
Hospital/office-based |
| Compliance |
High |
High |
Low |
Highest |
High |
| Bowel preparation |
No |
No |
required |
No |
No |
| Diet restriction |
No |
No |
Yes |
No |
No |
| Sedation |
No |
No |
Yes |
No |
No |
| Frequency |
Every 1-2 years |
Every 1-2 years |
Every 10 years |
Annual |
No data |
| Cancer prevention |
Low potential |
Potential increase compared to iFOBT alone |
High potential |
High potential |
Low potential |
| Mortality reduction |
Up to 60% |
No data |
Should be high, but no data |
No data |
No data |
Abbreviations: iFOBT, Immunochemical Fecal Occult Blood Test; HRFQ, High-Risk-Factor Questionnaire; M2-PK, Pyruvate Kinase Isoenzyme M2.