miRNA Expression1 Role in PCa Mediated Function Validated Target Genes Castration Resistance2 Biomarker Application References miR-21 Upregulated Oncogene Viability, invasion, apoptosis, migration MARCKS, TPM1, PDCD4 Yes Diagnostic, prognostic, predictive [38,53,55,57,115] miR-221~222 Upregulated Oncogene Proliferation CDKN1B, HECTD2, IRF2, RAB1A, SOCS3 Yes Diagnostic, prognostic [55,65-68] miR-125 Upregulated Oncogene Apoptosis, proliferation BAK1, EIF4EBP1, TP53, PUMA, ARF Yes   [69,72-77] miR-32 Upregulated Oncogene Apoptosis BTG2 Yes   [40] miR-148a Upregulated Oncogene Proliferation PIK3IP1     [40] miR-616 Upregulated Oncogene Proliferation TFPI-2 Yes   [123] miR-34 Downregulated Tumor suppressor Proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, EMT3 Cyclin-E2, CDK6, E2F5, E2F1, E2F3, BCL2, CD44   Diagnostic [83,85-89,95] miR-15~16 Downregulated Tumor suppressor Proliferation, invasion, metastasis CDK1, CDK2, BCL2, CCND1, WNT3A   Diagnostic [46,93-95,115] miR-141/200 Downregulated Tumor suppressor EMT3 ZEB1, ZEB2, SNAIL2   Diagnostic, prognostic [53,97-99,102-106] Let-7 Downregulated Tumor suppressor Proliferation, clonogenicity MYC Yes Diagnostic, prognostic [109,116-118] miR-101 Downregulated Tumor suppressor Proliferation, invasion, metastasis EZH2     [119] miR-126 Downregulated Tumor suppressor Viability, invasion, migration Prostein     [120] miR-146a Downregulated Tumor suppressor Proliferation, invasion, metastasis ROCK1 Yes   [121] miR-330 Downregulated Tumor suppressor Proliferation, apoptosis E2F1     [122] 1PCa cohort vs Benign cohort 2Involved in the development of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) 3EMT: epithelial mesenchymal transition

Table 1: Summary of studies on deregulated miRNAs in PCa.