Authors |
Year |
Etiology |
Signs and Symptoms |
Treatment |
Diagnostic work-up |
Curi et al. [1] |
2003 |
Bartonellahenselae |
24 patients (37 eyes); 66% history of cat exposure; decreased visual acuity; 50% bilateral disease; fever, lymphadenopathy, organomegaly; retinal infiltrates, angiomatous lesions, neuroretinitis |
Doxycycline PO/IV or ciprofloxacin |
Serology and clinical history |
Parentin et al. [2] |
2007 |
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) |
14 y/o f, conjunctivitis, periorbital edema, tender preauricular and submandibular lymphadenopathy; systemic malaise & fever |
Acyclovir PO |
PCR (skin and conjunctival scrapings) and late HSV-1 seroconversion (IgG and IgM) |
Ridder et al. [3] |
2005 (1997 to 2003) |
Bartonellahenselae |
8 cases of POGS |
Macrolides or quinolones |
Seroconversion and skin biopsy PCR |
Kymionis et al. [4] |
2004 |
Bartonellahenselae |
65 y/o m, FOB left eye with granulomatous nodule on palpebral conjunctiva, chemosis and swollen preauricular lymph node |
Ciprofloxacin PO |
Late onset of serologic positive titers |
Komitovaa et al. [5] |
2003 |
Bartonellahenselae |
14 y/o f, 12 day history of right eye redness, preauricular lymphadenopathy and low-grade fever for 4 days. |
Initially unresponsive to cephalexin (5 d), amoxicillin (4 d) and gentamycin (3 d) by different providers; responded to: spiramycin (3 d), then clarithromycin (15 d) and TMP-SMX (10 d) |
Seroconversion (IFA) with history of kitten scratch |
Murakamimi et al. [6] |
2002 |
Bartonellahenselae |
2 cases of POGS |
2 cases of POGS |
Seroconversion (IFA) |
Starck et al. [7] |
2002 |
Bartonellahenselae |
65 y/o m; foreign body sensation in left eye, injection, chemosis and preauricular lymph node |
Initially steroids (loteprednol) with no improvement; then azithromycin PO |
Conjunctival swab PCR and borderline positive serology |
Costa et al.[8] |
2002 |
Paracoccidiodomycosis |
31 y/o m, cervical lymphadenopathy x 5 months, low grade fever, malaise and weight loss, ocular pain and purulent discharge right eye; pre- and retro-auricular lymph nodes |
Cotrimoxazole |
Cervical lymph node biopsy culture and serology, chest x-ray |
Thompson et al. [9] |
2001 |
Tularemia (Francisellatularensis) |
Unilateral granulomatous conjunctivitis, painful preauricular and submandibular lymphadenopathy with general malaise and fever |
Streptomycin IM, nafcillin IV |
History of encounter with a wild rabbit; conjunctival culture and serology |
Grando et al. [10] |
1999 |
Bartonellahenselae |
38 y/o f tender preauricular lymphadenopathy, red left eye; intraretinal lesions and cotton-wool-spots |
Amoxicillin, doxycycline, tobramycin PO, and chloramphenicol (topical) |
Agar plate colony culture from the eye; PCR; serology |
Wong et al. [11] |
1995 |
Bartonellahenselae |
6 y/o f, neuroretinitis and POGS |
Erythromycin, rifampin |
Seroconversion (IFA) |
Kruse et al. [12] |
1995 |
Bartonellahenselae |
35 y/o m, enlarged preauricular lymph node, ipsilateralconjunctival granuloma |
Surgical removal of granulomatous lesion led to rapid healing |
Seroconversion |