Parameters HCC (n=15) Adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissue P value MIP-1a expression: - (%) + (%) ++ (%) +++ (%) 1 (6.7) 3 (20.0) 4 (26.7) 7 (46.7) 9 (60.0) 6 (40.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0.0004 CD68+ TAM count (/x400 field): - Range - Mean ± SD 28.7–108.7 73.47 ± 23.01 15.7–55.0 31.79 ± 11.55 <0.001 CD105-MVD (/x200 field): - Range - Mean ± SD 13.3-58.7 39.55 ± 12.55 5.7-21.0 13.05 ± 4.62 <0.001 - =<10% of cells are stained; + = 10-20 % of cells are positive; ++ = 20-50% of cells are positive; +++ = >50% of cells are positive.

Table 3: Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1α (MIP-1α) expression, CD68-positive Tumour-Associated Macrophage (TAM) count and CD105-Micro Vessel Density (MVD) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and the adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissue.