| Celiac disease/Celiac sprue/Gluten sensitive enteropathy |
Clinical features, characteristic IEL distribution (villous tip heavy) serological screening (antibodies to tissue transglutaminase, gliadin ), response to gluten free diet (GFD), age >2years,exclusion of other possible cause |
| Refractory sprue |
Unresponsiveness to GFD, exclusion of other possible causes |
| Tropical sprue (TS) |
Mucosal changes in entire length of small intestine, Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency, response to tetracycline |
| Viral gastroenteritis |
Unresponsiveness to GFD, complete recovery with normal morphology |
| Parasitic infections like microsporidiosis, cyclosporidiosis, isosporiasis |
Usually seen in immunocompromised patients, demonstration of microorganism on the surface or within the enterocytes lining the villi |
| Autoimmune enteropathy |
Unresponsiveness to GFD, anti-enterocyte antibodies, response to steroids and immunosuppressive therapy |
| Crohn disease |
Focal acute inflammation flanked by normal appearing mucosa |
| Zollinger Ellison syndrome |
Concomitant gastric parietal cell hyperplasia |
| Enteropathy-type intestinal T cell lymphoma |
Multifocal monoclonal IELs affecting the entire small intestine. |
