| Enzyme |
Lifespan Effect |
Healthspan |
References |
| NNT-/- |
nd |
Diabetic phenotype and impaired mitochondrial function |
[251,252] |
| Gpx1-/- |
No change |
Reduced allergic asthma, cataracts, hypertension, reperfusion injury-dependent infarct size, AD pathology. |
[14,175-182] |
| Gpx2-/- |
nd |
Increased intestinal cancers, and lung inflammation from acute challenges |
[77,183,184] |
| Gpx4-/- |
Lethal |
Reduced cancer risk. Increased apoptosis-natural selection. |
[14,63,99,114,146] |
| Gpx4+/- |
↑7% |
Reduced cancer risk. Increased apoptosis-natural selection. |
[14,100,110,145] |
| Gpx5-/- |
nd |
Male infertility. |
[76] |
| Trx1-/- |
Lethal |
Embryonic lethal. |
[65] |
| Trx2-/- |
Lethal |
Embryonic lethal. |
[64] |
| Trx2+/- |
↓16% maximal
↓7% median |
Increased oxidative damage to macromolecules. Reduced mitochondrial function. |
[14] |
| TR1-/- |
Lethal |
Embryonic lethal. |
[66] |
| TR2-/- |
Lethal |
Embryonic lethal. |
[67] |
| Grx1-/- |
nd |
Lung dysfunction, cataracts, sensitivity to redox cyclers, lens dysfunction, and reduced cardiac hypertrophy. |
[79,82-83,88] |
| Grx2-/- |
nd |
Lung and lens dysfunction. |
[87] |
| Prx1-/- |
↓15% |
Hemolytic anemia, atherosclerosis, allergic asthma and lung inflammation, and cancer. |
[69,98,99] |
| Prx2-/- |
↓15% |
Hemolytic anemia, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, senescence, inhibited immunity and enlarged thymus. |
[70,96,160-164] |
| Prx3-/- |
nd |
Increased LPS-induced inflammation. |
[185] |
| Prx4-/- |
nd |
Increased oxidative damage, spermatogenic cell death, and testicular atrophy. |
[186] |
| Prx6-/- |
nd |
Oxidative stimuli sensitive, increased atherosclerosis, and reduced wound healing. |
[85,115-116,127,187-190] |
| MSRB-/- |
Normal |
Increased oxidative damage. |
[74] |
| PCat-/- |
Normal |
Normal. |
[14,191] |
| EcSOD-/- |
nd |
Hypoxia-induced hypertension/hypertrophy of the heart, renal injury, emphysema/lung sensitivity, and corneal dysfunction. |
[75,87,193-198] |
| MnSOD-/- |
Lethal |
Embryonic lethal. |
[62,135-136] |
| MnSOD+/- |
Normal |
Increased oxidative damage, cancer, and reduced cardiac and mitochondrial function. |
[14,72,90-92,137-139] |
| MSRA-/- |
Normal |
Increased oxidative damage. |
[14, 71, 89, 97] |
| CuZnSOD-/- |
↓30% |
Hepatocarcinoma, muscle atrophy, bone fragility, axonal degeneration, loss of hearing, b-islet dysfunction (pancreas), reduced wound healing, cataracts, macular degeneration, vascular hypertrophy, and female infertility. |
[73,101,103-104, 165-174] |
Antioxidants with changes in life- or healthspanare presented. However, many antioxidant knockout models have not yet been generated, which includes glutathione
peroxidase-3, -6, -7 and -8, glutaredoxin-3, -4, -5, -6, -7, and -8, glutathione reductase, peroxiredoxin 5, and thioredoxin reductase 3. nd not determined |
