| Enzyme |
Lifespan Effect |
Healthspan |
References |
| Gpx1+/0 |
nd |
Diabetic with insulin resistance/obesity, Angiotensin-II vascular problems, cerebrovasodilation issues, neuroprotection. |
[123,219-222] |
| Gpx4+/0 |
nd |
Reduced cardiovascular disease, amyloidosis, retinal lens and mitochondrial dysfunction. |
[107-111,224] |
| Trx1+/0 |
↑14% median |
Increased skin cancer, protection from myocardial infarction, diabetic embryopathy, pancreatitis, and lung dysfunction |
[196, 199-206] |
| Grx1+/0 |
nd |
Reduced infarct size. |
[80,120] |
| Grx2+/0 |
nd |
Reduced infarct size, and doxorubicin-dependent cardiac injury as well as CuZnSOD1-dependent neurodegeneration. |
[80,120,225-226] |
| Prx3+/0 |
nd |
Improved glucose tolerance, reduction in left ventricular remodeling and amyloidosis in APP transgenic mice. |
[125,132] |
| Prx4+/0 |
nd |
Protection from toxin induced diabetes |
[129] |
| Prx6+/0* |
nd |
Reduced reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, lung dysfunction and alcoholic fatty liver. Improved wound healing. |
[118-119,132,187-189, 227] |
| MSRA+/0 |
Normal |
Reduced reperfusion injury, sensitive to oxidative stress. |
[112] |
| PCat+/0 |
Normal |
Protects against hypertension in angiotensin-II mice. Cardiac contractility improves in type 1 &2 diabetes. |
[214-216] |
| NCat+/0 |
Normal |
Carcinomas sensitized to bleomycin and DNA damage to paraquat. Reduced DNA damage by hydrogen peroxide. |
[217-218] |
| MCat+/0 |
↑21% |
Invasive breast tumors, protection from cardiac myopathy in mutator mice and anti-retrovirals, as well as aging-dependent pathologies. |
[207-213] |
| ECSOD+/0 |
nd |
Reduces cardiovascular abnormalities after reperfusion injury, and hyperoxia damage to lungs. |
[134,232-234] |
| MnSOD+/0 |
Normal |
No benefit from lung irradiation or muscle atrophy. Improves diabetic cardiomyopathy. |
[14,117,228-229] |
| CuZnSOD+/0 |
Normal |
No effect on diaphragm fatigue or recovery. |
[14,122] |
Antioxidants with changes in life- or healthspan are presented. However, many antioxidant transgenic models have not yet been generated, which includes methionine
sulfoxide reductase B, peroxiredoxin-1, -2, -5, glutaredoxin-3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8, thioredoxin reductase-1, -2, -3, thioredoxin 2, glutathione peroxidase-2, -3, -5, -6, -7, -8 and
nicatinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase.nd not determined |
