|
Early participants
(n=368) |
Late participants
(n=347) |
p |
| Mean age (years) |
45 |
± 7.79 |
44 |
± 8.12 |
0.30 |
| Male sex |
296 |
(80%) |
281 |
(81%) |
0.85 |
| Education |
|
|
|
|
|
| low |
37 |
(10%) |
25 |
(7%) |
0.25 |
| midlevel |
94 |
(26%) |
84 |
(24%) |
| high |
237 |
(64%) |
238 |
(69%) |
| History of CVD |
10 |
(3%) |
9 |
(3%) |
0.92 |
| Current medication therapy for hypertension |
29 |
(8%) |
26 |
(7%) |
0.85 |
| Current statin use |
19 |
(5%) |
17 |
(5%) |
0.87 |
| Current diabetes medication |
7 |
(2%) |
4 |
(1%) |
0.42 |
| Physical activity |
|
|
|
|
|
| Adherence to Dutch Standard for Healthy Physical Activity* |
82 |
(22%) |
78 |
(23%) |
0.95 |
| Total amount of moderate physical activity ≥150 minutes/week |
173 |
(47%) |
168 |
(48%) |
0.71 |
| Nutrition |
|
|
|
|
|
| Fruit : consumption of ≥ 2 pieces/day |
73 |
(20%) |
58 |
(17%) |
0.48 |
| Vegetables: consumption of ≥ 3 serving spoons (≥ 150 grams) per day |
157 |
(43%) |
132 |
(38%) |
0.38 |
| Smoking |
|
|
|
|
|
| Daily tobacco smoking |
59 |
(16%) |
52 |
(15%) |
0.70 |
| Alcohol consumption |
|
|
|
|
|
| men drinking >21 units/week or women drinking >14 units/week |
25 |
(7%) |
25 |
(7%) |
0.43 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) |
25.3 |
± 3.53 |
26.0 |
± 3.69 |
0.01 |
| BMI ≥ 25 |
177 |
(48%) |
192 |
(55%) |
0.05 |
| Waist circumference (cm) |
92.7 |
± 10.57 |
94.7 |
± 11.69 |
0.02 |
| Waist circumference, men >102 cm, women >88 cm |
82 |
(22%) |
102 |
(29%) |
0.02 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) |
132.9 |
± 16.29 |
132.9 |
± 15.48 |
0.97 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) |
80.5 |
± 10.73 |
78.7 |
± 9.68 |
0.02 |
| Blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg |
121 |
(33%) |
115 |
(33%) |
0.47 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) |
5.6 |
± 0.97 |
5.9 |
± 1.04 |
<0.001 |
| HDL (mmol/l) |
1.4 |
± 0.36 |
1.5 |
± 0.41 |
0.08 |
| LDL (mmol/l) |
3.6 |
± 0.88 |
3.8 |
± 0.98 |
0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) |
1.6 |
± 0.90 |
1.7 |
± 0.95 |
0.04 |
| Framingham 10 year CVD risk score (%) |
9.4 |
± 8.04 |
9.6 |
± 7.29 |
0.73 |
Values are expressed as mean ± SD or number of participants (%).