Questions Pre-Right Answer Post-Right P-value Missing Values Right answer
16. Cleaning substances are listed by the Arkansas Poison Control Center as one of the most common poisons. 19 31 0.0005 2 True
17. The precautionary principle requires weighing cost and benefit of an action. 13 31 <0.0001 0 True
18. The Consumer Product Safety Commission does not have a database to search for chemical and physical properties of chemicals. 19 29 0.0016 1 False
19. The timing of exposure does not affect toxicity and health effects on the body. 25 30 0.0588 2 False
20. Formaldehyde is one of the chemicals of concern in the indoor environment. 27 32 0.0588 0 True
21. Professional applicators of pesticides around the home receive training and certification. 20 29 0.0201 1 True
22. Pests do not become resistant to pesticides over time. 29 31 0.0414 0 False
23. There are 5 principles to maintain a healthy home. 10 21 0.0116 1 False
24. Cockroaches and dust mites can increase asthma attack severity. 33 33 1.0000 0 True
25. Air ducts should be cleaned regularly. 33 34 na 1 True
26. Chemical Burns should not be rinsed with water immediately. 17 22 0.2513 2 False
27. The most common source of carbon monoxide poisoning is combustion appliances such as furnaces or gas stoves. 28 32 0.1025 1 True
28. The "9 whys" are one of the liberating structures used for communication. 4 32 <0.0001 1 True
29. There are 15 main leadership principles of Liberating Structures. 2 8 0.0339 0 True
30. The Physical Education and Health Framework contains strands related to PMCR. 9 28 <0.0001 0 True
31. Student projects are not focused on critical thinking until High-School. 27 30 0.2568 1 False
32. EPA has a safer product label for consumer products. 10 29 <0.0001 2 True
Table 3: Results for knowledge questions. Note: Pre and postknowledge questions indicated that teachers made some improvements in their knowledge based on the day’s training in the environmental areas of chemical use reduction and integrated pest management, and in the use of liberating structures (i.e., for questions with P-values less than 0.05). In a few areas, most teachers already had prior knowledge (e.g., Ques. 31. Critical thinking in the process of student science projects begins before high school).