Variables   Case:n=112 (%) Control: n=449 (%) COR(95% CI)
Age group 15-19 12(10.7) 61(13.6) 0.2(0.01, 4.3)
20-24 21(18.8) 147(32.7) 0.3(0.04, 2.4)
25-29 38(33.9) 170(37.9) 0.7(0.1, 3.9)
30-34 32(28.6) 54(12) 0.3(0.01, 3.9)
35-39 9(8) 17(3.8) 1
Marital status Never married 6(5.4) 12(2.7) 0.8(0.02, 2.6)
Married 98(87.5) 431(96.0) 0.1(0.1, 1.4)
Separated/Widowed 8(7.1) 6(1.3) 1
Religion Orthodox 43(88.4) 147(32.7) 0.1(0.02 ,0.6)
Catholic 8(7.1) 14(8.1) 0.7(0.1, 1.4)
Protestant 50(44.6) 258(57.5) 0.1(0.01, 0.4)
Muslim 11(9.8) 30(6.7) 1
Read/Write No 3(4.1) 10(2.8) 1.5(0.4, 5.8)
n=426 Read 13(17.6) 42(11.9) 1.6(0.8, 3.2)
  Read and Write 58(78.4) 300(85.2) 1
Women income <500 25(65.8) 86(50.3) 1.4(0.3, 5.7)
n=209 >500 13(34.2) 85(49.7) 1
Husband Educational level 01-06-2015 26(27.3) 56(13.5) 3.3(1.6, 6.7)*
n=510 07-12-2015 52(54.7) 236(56.9) 1.5 (0.9, 2.8)
  College and above 17(17.9) 123(29.6) 1
Family income <500 46(44.2) 86(21.1) 1.02(0.1, 5.7)
n=513 500-1499 47(45.2) 233(56.9) 0.5(0.1, 4.9)
  1500-2499 7(6.7) 53(12.9) 1.6(0.2,1 2.4)
  2500-3499 1(1.1) 19(4.6) 0.2(0.01, 3.9)
  >2500 4(3.7) 37(9.0) 1
Mean age of cases ±SD=26± 5.1 years; mean age of controls ±SD=24±5. 2 years; *P<0.05; COR (Crude Odds Ratio).
Table 2: Socio-demographic characteristics of pregnant women aged 15-39 years in Hawassa and Yirgalem health facilities (N=561).