Figure 2: Cardiac hormones inhibit five metabolic targets, i.e. Ras-GTP, MEK 1/2, and ERK 1/2 kinases of the Ras-MEK 1/2-ERK 1/2 kinase cascade by 95-98%. They are also strong inhibitors (i.e. 91%) of DNA synthesis within cancer cells. Reprinted with permission from Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 40:408-413, 2010.